…It is usually abbreviated as NSF. It was established based on the experience of World War II, in which advanced scientific weapons such as radar and atomic bombs played an important role. The board of directors that manages the foundation (National Science Board) is made up of part-time scientists, engineers, and research administrators appointed by the president. Although the NSF's budget accounts for only a small proportion of the total research and development expenditure in the United States, it is an important source of funding for basic scientific research at universities and other institutions. … From [Science and Technology Policy]... Traditionally, administration regarding science and technology has been divided among the various ministries, but in order to provide a comprehensive view of this, the Office of Science and Technology Policy was established in 1976 and currently serves an advisory role in policy and budget formulation. The National Science Foundation (NSF) is a grant-making organization for basic research and education, but since 1977 it has been given the authority to evaluate and analyze the current state and problems of science in the United States, based on deliberations by the National Science Board, which is its wing, and to report to the President and Congress. In addition, each ministry has the function of coordinating research and development. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "National Science Board" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…通常NSFと略称・略記される。レーダーや原子爆弾など高度な科学兵器が重要な役割を果たした第2次大戦の経験に基づいて設立されたもので,財団の運営にあたる理事会(National Science Board)は,大統領によって任命される非常勤の科学者,技術者,研究行政官によって構成される。NSFの予算額は,アメリカにおける研究開発費全体の中では小さな比率を占めるにすぎないが,大学などにおける基礎科学的な研究にとっては重要な財源となっている。… 【科学技術政策】より… 科学技術に関する行政は伝統的に各省に分属して行われてきたが,これを総合的にみるため,現在は76年に置かれた科学技術政策局Office of Science and Technology Policyがあり,政策,予算編成等における助言的機能を果たしている。またアメリカ科学財団(NSF)は基礎研究,教育に対する助成機関であるが,77年以来,傘下の全米科学審議会National Science Boardの審議をふまえ,アメリカの科学の現状および問題点を評価分析して,大統領および議会に報告する権限を与えられた。このほか各省ごとに研究開発を調整する機能ができている。… ※「National Science Board」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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