Nikaya (English spelling)

Japanese: nikāya（英語表記）nikaya

…Afterwards, as the Buddhist order was established, the teachings were compiled in the Sutta-piṭaka, and the discipline in the Vinaya-piṭaka. The Sutta-piṭaka is divided into the Long, Middle, Proportionate, and Increased Agamas, or Nikāyas, and the whole is collectively called the Agama or Agama sutras. It was handed down as the fundamental scripture in southern Buddhist areas such as Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Thailand, and five Nikāyas (Long, Middle, Proportionate, Increased, and Minor) written in Pāli, transmitted by the Theravāda-śāstrasya school, have been preserved to this day. …

From [Early Buddhism]

… Early Buddhist sects consisted of practitioners (monks) and lay believers (lay people). It is said that Shakyamuni recommended the above-mentioned training to monks, and three things to lay people: the theory of alms (loving all living beings with compassion, and giving alms especially to monks), the theory of precepts (observing the five precepts of lay people, namely, not killing, not stealing, not committing adultery, not lying, and not drinking alcohol), and the theory of rebirth in heaven (obeying the above two precepts and you will be born in heaven after death). Early Buddhist scriptures include the five Nikāyas written in Pāli in Sri Lanka, the four Agamas (āgama) translated into Chinese, and others. Buddhism [Kato Junsho]. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "nikāya" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その後教団の確立にしたがい，教法は《経蔵Sutta‐piṭaka》に，規律は《律蔵Vinaya‐piṭaka》に，それぞれ集大成された。このうち経蔵は，長，中，相応，増支の阿含あるいはニカーヤnikāya(部)に分けられていて，全体を総称して阿含，阿含経という。スリランカ，ミャンマー，タイなどの南方仏教圏で根本聖典として伝承され，上座分別説部という一派が伝えた，パーリ語で書かれた5ニカーヤ(長部，中部，相応部，増支部，小部)が今日まで保存されている。…

【初期仏教】より

…　初期仏教の教団は，修行者(出家)と在俗信者(在家)から成り，釈迦は出家に対しては上述の修行をすすめ，在家に対しては施論(慈悲をもって生きとし生けるものを愛し，特に出家者へ布施を行うこと)，戒論(在家の五戒すなわち不殺生，不偸盗，不邪淫，不妄語，不飲酒の各戒を守ること)，生天論(以上の二つを行えば，死後天に生まれる)の三つをすすめたといわれている。　初期仏教の聖典としては，スリランカに伝わるパーリ語で書かれた5部のニカーヤnikāya，漢訳として伝わる4部の阿含（あごん）(アーガマāgama)その他がある。仏教【加藤純章】。…

※「nikāya」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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