A diplomatic issue arose in the first half of the 19th century over the ownership of the Oregon region of North America. The vast Oregon region, which faces the Pacific coast of North America and stretches from the northern tip of California to the south of Alaska, was claimed by four countries until the beginning of the 19th century: Spain, Russia, Great Britain, and the United States. However, Spain and Russia subsequently withdrew their claims, and the area was jointly owned by the United States and Great Britain after 1824. However, as more Americans began to migrate to the region around 1840, calls for the acquisition of the entire Oregon region grew within the United States, and under the leadership of Polk, who was elected president with the slogan "54°40' north or war!", negotiations with the British government were repeated. As a result, a compromise was reached in 1846 by dividing Oregon at the extension of the existing border between the United States and British Canada, that is, the 49th parallel north. This Oregon Agreement finally established the border between the United States and Canada. [Takashi Hirano] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
19世紀前半に、北米オレゴン地域の領有をめぐって起こった外交問題。北アメリカの太平洋に面し、カリフォルニア北端からアラスカの南に至る広大なオレゴン地域は、19世紀初めまでスペイン、ロシア、イギリス、アメリカの4国が領有権を主張していたが、スペインとロシアが相次いでその主張を取り下げたため、1824年以降は、米英両国が共同で領有する形になっていた。しかし、1840年前後から同地域に移住するアメリカ人が増えるにしたがい、オレゴン全域の獲得を求める声がアメリカ国内に高まり、「北緯54度40分か、さもなければ戦争!」というスローガンを掲げて大統領に当選したポークのもと、イギリス政府との交渉が重ねられた。その結果、1846年、アメリカと英領カナダの既定の境界の延長線、すなわち北緯49度線をもってオレゴンを分割することで妥協が成立した。このオレゴン協定により、アメリカ合衆国とカナダの国境線が最終的に確定した。 [平野 孝] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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