...In phonology, the work of Bernard Bloch (1907-65) and William Freeman Twaddell (1906- ), and in morphology, the work of Zelig Harris (1909- ), Charles Hockett (1916- ), and Eugene Nida (1914- ) are important. The most representative works of distributionalist methodology are Outline of Linguistic Analysis (1942) by Bloch and George Trager (1906- ) and Methods in Structural Linguistics (1951) by Harris, the latter in particular recognizing the methodological dead end of distributionalism and paving the way for the anti-distributionalist transformational generative grammar (generative grammar) by his disciple N. Chomsky. (4) The French scholar A. Martinet has a close relationship with all of the above schools, but also takes a unique position. While promoting functional phonology, he also presented his own attempt at diachronic phonology, which explains sound changes from the perspective of labor saving or economy. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Outline of Linguistic Analysis" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…音素論ではブロックBernard Bloch(1907‐65),トウォデルWilliam Freeman Twaddell(1906‐ ),形態論ではハリスZelig Harris(1909‐ ),ホケットCharles Hockett(1916‐ ),ナイダEugene Nida(1914‐ )らの業績が重要である。分布主義的方法論の祖述としては先のブロックとトレーガーGeorge Trager(1906‐ )の《言語分析概説Outline of Linguistic Analysis》(1942)とハリスの《構造言語学の方法Methods in Structural Linguistics》(1951)が代表的であるが,とくに後者は分布主義の方法論的行詰りを認め,弟子のN.チョムスキーによる反分布主義的な変形生成文法(生成文法)への道を開いた。(4)上述のどの流派とも密接な関係をもち,しかも独自の立場に立つのはフランスのA.マルティネであり,機能的音韻論を推進する一方,省力化ないし経済性の観点から音声変化を説明する独自の通時的音韻論の試みを示した。… ※「《Outline of Linguistic Analysis》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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