Two diocesan congregations of priests. (1) Congregatio Oratorii: Founded in 1564 by disciples who had been involved in the spiritual devotion of St. Philip Neri since 1551, it became a devotional society in 1575 and had its rules approved by Pope Paul V in 1612. It developed mainly in Italy, France, and Spain. In addition to training priests, education, and pastoral care, it developed the "oratorio" by turning hymns in various languages into operas. The name "oratorio" is said to come from the oratorium (prayer hall) where they performed their devotion. (2) Oratoire de Jésus-Christ: Founded in Paris in 1611 by de Bérull, following the example of its predecessor, it spread to France and other parts of the country. It expanded into seminaries and primary education, and some of its members were favorable to Jansenists, which caused conflict with the Society of Jesus. It was dissolved during the French Revolution, but was re-established in 1852 by Péteto and others as O. de J.-C. et de Marie-Immaculée. It has produced many outstanding theologians. (1) and (2) Neither of them take vows, but they live together, and (2) has a strict centralized organization. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
2つの教区付き司祭会。 (1) Congregatio Oratorii 1551年以来聖フィリッポ・ネリが行なった霊的信心業に加わった弟子たちが集って,64年創設され,75年信心会となり,1612年教皇パウロ5世から会則が公認された。イタリア,フランス,スペインを中心に発展した。聖職者育成,教育,司牧などのほかに特に音楽において各国語の聖歌を歌劇化して「オラトリオ」を発達させた。オラトリオの名称は,彼らが信心業を行なったオラトリウム (祈祷所) に由来するとされる。 (2) Oratoire de Jésus-Christ 1611年前者にならってド・ベリュルがパリに創立,フランスのほか各地に普及。神学校のほか初等教育にも進出,ジャンセニストに好意的な一部の傾向によりイエズス会との対立を生み出した。フランス革命により解散されたが,1852年ペテトらが O. de J.-C. et de Marie-Immaculéeとして再建。多くのすぐれた神学者を輩出させた。 (1) (2) ともに誓願を立てないが,共住生活を営み,(2) は厳格な中央集権的な組織をもっている。
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