…The stereoisomerism (atropisomerism) that arises as a result of restricted rotation around a single bond, which van't Hoff had not predicted, was discovered by Kenner et al. in the early 1920s. The problem of free rotation around a single bond was subsequently pursued from the perspective of physical chemistry by San'ichiro Mizushima (1899-1983), Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer (1919- ) and others, and it was found to be deeply related not only to ethane derivatives but also to the stereochemistry of the cyclohexane ring. JFW Avon Bayer established the tension theory (1885) and considered cyclohexane to be a planar molecule. … From [Cyclohexane]…Odd Hassell (1897-1981) proved the chair structure of cyclohexane by electron diffraction. Around the same time, Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer (1914- ) reached the same conclusion by thermal measurements. The problem of the number of isomers in substituted cyclohexanes was also explained by the rapid ring inversion equilibrium. … *Some of the terminology references "Pitzer, KS" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ファント・ホフが予想できなかった単結合のまわりの束縛回転の結果生じる立体異性(アトロプ異性)は,1920年代の初めにケナーらによって見いだされた。単結合のまわりの自由回転の問題は,その後水島三一郎(1899‐1983),ピッツァーKenneth Sanborn Pitzer(1919‐ )らによって物理化学的な側面からも追求され,エタン誘導体だけではなくシクロヘキサン環の立体化学に深いかかわりがあることがわかってきた。J.F.W.A.vonバイヤーは張力説(1885)をたて,シクロヘキサンを平面分子と考えていた。… 【シクロヘキサン】より…ハッセルOdd Hassell(1897‐1981)は電子線回折によってシクロヘキサンのいす形構造を証明した。同じころピッツァーKenneth Sanborn Pitzer(1914‐ )も熱的測定によって同一の結論を得た。置換シクロヘキサンの異性体数の問題も環の速い反転平衡によって説明された。… ※「Pitzer,K.S.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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