...By extension, it refers to a state in which the police intervene and interfere in every aspect of the daily lives of citizens. The idea of a police state was formed from the Kameralwissenschaft, which developed in Germany and Austria from the mid-16th century to the end of the 18th century, when the police science Polizeiwissenschaft was born, which proposed that a state with an absolute monarch as its guardian would benefit the people by "handling all internal affairs" in the name of "public welfare," as was typical of Prussia at the time. The fundamental idea of this, also called the "eudämonistische Wohlfahrtstaatstheorie," is that state administrative agencies and officials could reflect the authority of the monarch upon themselves and do anything for the people. Nominally, it was a benevolent one, promoting agriculture, civil engineering, education, etc., but in reality it was a security state that eliminated and frustrated all criticism and resistance to the absolute monarch. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Polizeiwissenschaft" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…転じて,警察が,市民の日常生活のすみずみにまで介入・干渉するような国家のこと。警察国家の観念は,16世紀半ばから18世紀末にかけてドイツ・オーストリアに発達した官房学Kameralwissenschaftのなかから,当時のプロイセンに典型的な絶対君主を後見人とする国家が〈公共の福祉〉の名のもとに〈一切の内的事務の処理〉にあたり国民に恩恵をほどこすという警察学Polizeiwissenschaftが生まれてくることによって形成された。その根本思想は〈幸福促進主義的福祉国家観eudämonistische Wohlfahrtstaatstheorie〉ともよばれるように,国家行政機関・官吏が君主の権威を自己に反射させて国民に対して何事をもなしうるとするものであり,名目的には農業・土木・教育振興等慈恵的なものであったが,その内実は絶対君主に対する一切の批判・抵抗を排除・挫折せしめる治安国家的なものであった。… ※「Polizeiwissenschaft」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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