Fujitani Nariakira

A scholar of Japanese classics and a poet in the late Edo period. In Chinese classics he was known as Kansho and Sojo, and in Japanese classics and waka poetry he was known as Kitanobe. He was born as the second son of the physician Minagawa Nariyoshi, and inherited the Fujitani family register. He lived in Kyoto. He served Lord Tachibana of the Yanagawa domain. He was greatly influenced academically by his elder brother, the Chinese classics scholar Minagawa Kien. He studied the words of ancient poems, partly for the sake of composing waka poetry, and wrote books such as "Kazashi-sho" and "Ayuhi-sho." His classification of words into four parts of speech, "name," "yosohi (ornament)," "kazashi (headband)," and "ayuhi (leg binding)," is considered the oldest systematic classification of parts of speech still in existence in Japan, and has had a great influence on Japanese language studies since the Meiji period, including the grammar of Yamada Yoshio. He left outstanding achievements, such as researching the unique use of idioms as a "Yosoi no kata" (illustrator), and dividing the Japanese language into periods as "Rikuun (six periods)". His eldest son Mitsue continued his learning by writing "Haikai Tenjiwa Sho" (Haikaiteniha Sho), but compared to his contemporary Motoori Norinaga, he was not blessed with many successors. He died on October 2, 8th year of An'ei (An'ei)

[Akiho Yamaguchi October 19, 2018]

"Complete Works of Fujitani Seisho, edited by Masao Takeoka, Volumes 1 and 2 (1961, 1962, Kazama Shobo) " "Research on the Theories of Fujitani Seisho, written by Masao Takeoka (1971, Kazama Shobo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸時代末の国学者、歌人。漢学には咸章(かんしょう)、層城(そうじょう)とも号し、国学、和歌には北辺(きたのべ)とも。医師皆川成慶(みながわなりよし)の次男として生まれ、富士谷家の籍を継ぐ。京都在住。柳河(やながわ)藩立花侯に仕える。実兄である漢学者皆川淇園(きえん)から学問上大きな影響を受ける。和歌詠作の必要上もあって古歌のことばを研究し、『かざし抄』『あゆひ抄』などの書を著す。「名」「よそひ（装）」「かざし（挿頭）」「あゆひ（脚結）」の語の4分類は、日本において現存する最古の体系的な品詞分類との評価を受け、山田孝雄(やまだよしお)の文法をはじめ、明治以降の国語学に与えた影響も大きい。「装図(よそいのかた)」として独自な用言の活用研究を行い、「六運(りくうん)」として日本語の時代区分を行うなど、優れた成果を残している。長男の御杖(みつえ)が『俳諧天爾波(はいかいてには)抄』を著すなど学問を継承するが、同時代の本居宣長(もとおりのりなが)と比較すると継承者の面で恵まれていない。安永(あんえい)8年10月2日没。

［山口明穂　2018年10月19日］

『竹岡正夫編著『富士谷成章全集』上下（1961、1962・風間書房）』▽『竹岡正夫著『富士谷成章の学説についての研究』（1971・風間書房）』

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