…Today, refiners that break down, beat, and refine pulp are used in the manufacture of general paper. Meanwhile, paper was previously scooped by hand, but in 1798, Nicolas-Louis Robert of France invented a machine that continuously scooped paper using a seamless cloth screen. This was the prototype of today's Fourdrinier papermaking machine, which was further improved by Donkin B. Donkin of England, and then the Fourdrinier brothers, Henry Fourdrinier and Sealy F., bought the patent and continued to improve it, creating a papermaking machine that is similar to the current model in 1807. … From [Hot Air Balloon]...On November 21, 1883, Pilâtre de Rozier (1756-1785) and François Marquis d'Arlandes (1742-1809) made the first soaring flight in Paris in a hot air balloon built by the Montgolfier brothers, flying 12 km at an altitude of 1 km for 25 minutes. Meanwhile, the Robert brothers Anne Jean Robert (1758-1820) and Nicolas Louis Robert (1761-1828), with the help of J. Charles, used hydrogen instead of heated air to create an efficient hydrogen balloon. The first aircraft, made from rubberized silk and named after Charles, "Charlière", flew unmanned in the summer of 1983, and on December 1 of the same year, Charles and his brother Anne-Jean boarded it and successfully completed a two-hour flight covering a distance of about 43 km. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Robert, NL" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…現在ではパルプの離解,叩解,精製などを行うリファイナーrefinerが一般紙の製造に使われている。一方,紙をすくのは手で行っていたが,1798年フランスのロベールNicolas‐Louis Robertは継目のない布製の網を使って連続的に紙をすく機械を発明した。これが今日の長網抄紙機の原型で,さらにイギリスのドンキンB.Donkinが改良し,ついでフアドリニアー兄弟Henry Fourdrinier,Sealy F.が特許を買って改良し,1807年現在の形に近い抄紙機を作った。… 【気球】より…そして翌83年11月21日,ピラートル・ド・ロジエPilâtre de Rozier(1756‐1785)とダルランド侯爵François Marquis d’Arlandes(1742‐1809)がモンゴルフィエ兄弟の製作した熱気球に乗り組み,人類最初の浮揚飛行をパリで行い,高度1kmで25分間,距離12kmの飛行を成し遂げた。一方,同じくフランスのロベール兄弟Anne Jean Robert(1758‐1820), Nicolas Louis Robert(1761‐1828)はJ.シャルルの力を借りて,熱した空気の代わりに水素を使い,効率のよい水素気球を作った。絹のゴム引布で作られ,シャルルの名をとって“シャルリエールCharlière”と名付けられた第1号機が無人で飛んだのは83年の夏,そして同年12月1日には兄のアン・ジャンとシャルルが乗り込んで,約2時間の飛行に成功,飛行距離は約43kmであった。… ※「Robert,N.L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
>>: Robert, P. (English spelling) RobertP
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