…The 1860 Treaty of Amity and Commerce of England abolished protective tariffs on the silk industry, but on the other hand, the intensification of labor union movements and rising labor costs led to a gradual decline in the silk industry, and thereafter England continued to play an important role as the largest importer of silk products. The German silk industry began in Cologne in the 13th century, flourished in Frankfurt am Main in the late 16th century, and in Krefeld in the late 17th century. With the immigration of French Protestants, the industry was promoted under state leadership in Berlin, and by the end of the 18th century, it had become so prosperous that it had replaced Lyon. However, in the 19th century, the silk industry moved to the Rhine states in search of cheap labor, and Krefeld and Elberfeld (now Wuppertal) became its two major centers. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Krefeld" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1860年の英仏通商条約により絹工業に対する保護関税が撤廃されたことにより,他方では労働組合運動の激化や労賃の高騰も加わって,しだいに衰退に向かい,以後イギリスは絹製品の最大の輸入国として重きをなし続けた。 ドイツの絹工業は13世紀にケルンに興り,16世紀後半にはフランクフルト・アム・マイン,17世紀後半にはクレーフェルトKrefeldにおいて栄えたが,フランス人新教徒の移住を機に国家主導のもとにベルリンでの振興が図られ,18世紀末にはリヨンに代わるほどの繁栄を示した。しかし19世紀には安価な労働力を求めて絹織物業はライン川流域諸州に移動し,クレーフェルトとエルバーフェルトElberfeld(現,ブッパータール)がその二大中心地となった。… ※「Krefeld」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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