Fugger Zeitungen (English spelling)

Japanese: Fugger Zeitungen（英語表記）FuggerZeitungen

…They are contrasted with newspapers printed with movable type. The Fugger family, one of the leading financial institutions in Europe at the time, had their local branches and communication companies send them regular news by letter, and these (the collection of which is called the Fugger Zeitungen) can also be considered handwritten newspapers in a broad sense. As printed newspapers became more widespread, they naturally disappeared, but there were times when handwritten newspapers coexisted with printed newspapers and flourished in areas where censorship was strict and news transmission from the capital to the provinces was poor. …

From [Mass Communication]

…For example, ancient empires, such as the Roman Acta Diurna and the Kaiyuan Zaobao of the Tang Dynasty in China, had many periodic written media, primarily for administrative communication, such as the transmission of orders from the center and reports on local situations, due to the need to govern vast territories. Merchants engaged in long-distance trade also had written media (such as the Fugger Zeitungen of the 15th and 16th centuries. See the entry on handwritten newspapers). …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Fugger Zeitungen" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…活字で印刷された新聞と対比していわれる。当時ヨーロッパ有数の金融業者であったフッガー家は，各地の支店，通信業者から定期的に手紙でニュースを送らせていたが，この類(その集成をフッガー･ツァイトゥンゲンFugger Zeitungenと称する)も広義の手書新聞とみなしてよい。　印刷新聞の普及とともに当然自然消滅していくが，検閲がきびしく，首都から地方へのニュース伝達が悪いような場合には手書新聞が印刷新聞と並立して活況を呈する時期もあった。…

【マス･コミュニケーション】より

…たとえば，ローマ帝国の《アクタ･ディウルナ》，中国唐代の《開元雑報》など，古代の大帝国は，広大な版図を統治する必要から，中央からの指令の伝達，地方情勢の報告など，主として行政的コミュニケーション用の，多くは定期的な〈文書〉メディアをもっていた。また遠隔地貿易に従事する商人も同様に〈文書〉メディアをもっていた(15,16世紀の〈フッガー･ツァイトゥンゲンFugger Zeitungen〉。〈手書新聞〉の項参照)。…

※「Fugger Zeitungen」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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