The position was to give the same rights to all residents of the Ottoman Empire, regardless of their religion or ethnicity, and thereby protect the political unity of the empire. The Ottoman Empire was originally an "Islamic state" that should have unified Muslims through the existence of a caliph, but in order to avoid the criticism of European powers that interfered under the pretext of protecting the rights of Christian minorities, it came under pressure to overcome the dualism between Muslims and Christians and to take on the appearance of a "modern state" based on their equality. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
オスマン帝国の住民すべてに,その宗教および民族の違いにかかわらず,同じ権利を与え,それによって帝国の政治的一体性を守ろうとする立場。オスマン帝国は,本来カリフの存在によってイスラム教徒を統合すべき〈イスラム国家〉であったが,キリスト教徒少数民族の権利擁護を口実に干渉してくるヨーロッパ列強の矛先をかわすため,イスラム教徒とキリスト教徒との二元性を克服し,それらの平等を基礎とした〈近代国家〉としての体裁を整える必要に迫られるようになっていった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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