Shikasta

Japanese: shikasta
Shikasta

...According to the classical tradition of Islamic calligraphy, the six scripts of al-aqlām al-sitta (al-aqlām al-sitta) are considered to be the basic scripts. In addition to the above, there are other scripts such as the Iranian ta'līq, the delicate and elegant nasta'līq script created by the calligrapher Mir Ali of Tabriz in the 14th century, its variant the complex shikasta script created by Shafi'a of Herat in the mid-17th century, the diwānī script used by the Ottoman sultans in official documents instead of the older tawki script, the jalī script, and the maghribī script developed in the Maghrib region of the Western Islamic world (since the 12th century). Arabic script [Mune Sugimura]
[Western]
Calligraphy is a word that means "writing" in European languages.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "shikasta" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ちなみに,イスラムの書の古典的な伝統によると,スルシー,ナスヒー,ムハッカク,ライハーニー,ルクア,タウキーの六書(アルアクラーム・アッシッタal‐aqlām al‐sitta)が基本的書体とされている。以上のほか,イランの〈ターリークta‘līq〉体,14世紀にタブリーズの書家ミール・アリーによって創始された繊細で流麗な〈ナスターリークnasta‘līq〉体,その変形で17世紀中期にヘラートのシャフィーアによって始められた複雑な〈シカスタshikasta〉体,古い〈タウキー〉体に代わりオスマン帝国のスルタンによって公文書に使用された〈ディーワーニーdīwānī〉体,〈ジャリーjalī〉体,西方イスラム世界のマグリブ地方で発達した〈マグリビーmaghribī〉体(12世紀以降)などの書体がある。アラビア文字【杉村 棟】
【西洋】
 ヨーロッパ諸語で〈書〉を意味する語にカリグラフィーcalligraphyがある。…

※「shikasta」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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