Singer, SJ (English spelling)

Japanese: Singer,S.J.(英語表記)SingerSJ
Singer, SJ (English spelling)

...Subsequently, with the progress of electron microscopy and the physicochemical study of biomembranes, it gradually became clear that a unit membrane in which proteins are bound to the phospholipids in the middle layer on both sides could not explain the structure of actual biomembranes. Singer SJ Singer and Nicolson GL Nicolson (1972) proposed the fluid mosaic model, which states that it is more appropriate to think of biomembranes as a mosaic system of liquid and solid phases rather than as a solid phase (Figure). The two back-to-back layers of phospholipids and the various proteins incorporated into these lipid portions are arranged in a mosaic pattern, and it is thought that the membrane itself is fluid and that only non-covalent bonds exist between the molecules so that the constituent molecules can diffuse and move within the membrane. ...

From [Biomembrane]

...In response to this, DE Green and B. Benson proposed the unit particle theory, which states that proteins are the center of protein-lipid complexes that are repeated. In 1972, SJ Singer and GL Nicolson published the fluid mosaic model, which has undergone some modifications and is now basically accepted. According to this theory, lipids form a bilayer, proteins are inserted into the bilayer in a mosaic pattern mainly through hydrophobic bonds, and lipid molecules move actively within the plane. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Singer, SJ" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その後,電子顕微鏡法の検討が進み,また生体膜の物理化学的研究から,中層のリン脂質にタンパク質が両側から挟む形で結合するような単位膜は,実際の生体膜の構造を説明できないことがしだいに明らかになった。 生体膜を固相と見るのではなく,液相―固相のモザイク系と考えたほうがより妥当だとする流動モザイクモデルfluid mosaic modelがシンガーS.J.SingerとニコルソンG.L.Nicolson(1972)によって提唱された(図)。背中合せ2層のリン脂質とこの脂質部分に組み入れられた各種タンパク質はモザイク的配列をとっており,また膜自体が流動的で構成分子は膜内部を拡散し移動できるように,分子間に非共有結合だけが働いていると考える。…

【生体膜】より

…これに対してグリーンD.E.GreenやベンソンB.Bensonは,タンパク質を中心とみるタンパク質‐脂質複合体の繰返しからなるとする単位粒子説を提出した。その後1972年にシンガーS.J.Singer,ニコルソンG.L.Nicolsonは流動モザイクモデルを発表し,現在いくつかの修正を経てこの説が基本的に認められている。それによれば脂質は二重層をなし,タンパク質はその二重層の中に主として疎水結合によってモザイク状に挿入されており,脂質分子は面内で活発に運動をしている。…

※「Singer,S.J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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