Sons of Liberty

Japanese: Sons of Liberty（英語表記）SonsofLiberty

…Born in Boston. Opposed the colonial taxation policy of the British Parliament after 1764, he organized the Boston people into the Sons of Liberty and attacked the Massachusetts colonial rule of Thomas Hutchinson (1711-80). As a member of the colonial assembly from 1764 to 1774, he played a central role in the resolution of protest against the Stamp Act, the circular letter against the Townshend Acts, the formation of the Committee of Intercolonial Correspondence, the Boston Massacre in 1770, and the Boston Tea Party in 1773. In theory, he changed his stance from "no taxation without representation" to "equality between the colonial assembly and the national assembly" in the Second Continental Congress, allied with the radicals of other colonies, suppressed the conservatives, and led to the Declaration of Independence. …

From the American Revolution

…Because there had been no direct taxation of the colonists by the British Parliament before, this tax caused great concern among the colonists, and opposition movements arose throughout America. In October 1865, representatives from the nine colonies met in New York to hold the Stamp Act Congress and protest against the mother country. In each colony, the Sons of Liberty were formed as an anti-British organization, and they took violent action, such as threatening stamp dealers to resign and implementing a boycott of British goods. Due to pressure from London merchants who were hit hard by this boycott of British goods, the Stamp Act was repealed in March 1866, and the Sugar Act was also revised. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Sons of Liberty" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ボストン生れ。1764年以後のイギリス議会による植民地課税政策に反対し，ボストン民衆を〈自由の子どもたちSons of Liberty〉に組織し，ハッチンソンThomas Hutchinson(1711‐80)一門のマサチューセッツ植民地支配を攻撃した。64‐74年同植民地議会議員として，印紙税法への抗議決議，タウンゼンド諸法反対〈回状〉，植民地間通信委員会結成，70年ボストン殺戮事件，73年ボストン茶会事件で中心的役割を演じ，理論的には印紙税法反対の〈代表なくして課税なし〉から〈植民地議会と本国議会の対等論〉へ転換し，第2回大陸会議では他植民地の急進派と提携し，保守派を抑えて独立宣言に導いた。…

【アメリカ独立革命】より

…従来本国議会による植民地人に対する直接の課税はなかったので，この税は植民地人の強い危惧を引き起こし，アメリカ全土に反対運動が起こり，65年10月にはニューヨークで9植民地の代表が会して印紙税法会議を開き，本国に対し抗議を行う。各植民地において，反英抗争の組織として〈自由の息子Sons of Liberty〉が形成され，印紙販売人を脅かして辞職させ，イギリス商品の非買運動を実効化するなど，実力を伴った行動に出るにいたる。このイギリス商品のボイコットに打撃を受けたロンドン商人の圧力により，印紙税法は66年3月廃止され，砂糖税法も修正された。…

※「Sons of Liberty」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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