stunt

Japanese: stunt
stunt

...In addition to these genres, there are many films that follow a typical pattern of setting a place, time, or human relationships in extreme situations to produce psychological or physical action.
[The history of action movies]
Before The Great Train Robbery, Edison had used a kinetoscope to film "peep shows," which he called "peep shows," to show vaudeville, circus, and unusual sports feats (collectively known as stunts, from which the word stuntman was derived) such as acrobatics, wrestling, performing dogs, cats, and bears, cockfighting, belly dancing, trapeze acts, pistol shooting, and Buffalo Bill's "Wild West Show." When screen projection (called the vitascope) began in entertainment halls in 1896, audiences who had grown accustomed to seeing the same shows on a live stage were naturally not content with these black-and-white, silent, 60-second "copies" of the acts, but instead wanted to see on the screen things they could not see on stage: marvels of nature and mechanics, like the Niagara Falls or a locomotive hurtling along, on the one hand, or everyday neighborhood scenes, like a blacksmith, a dentist, a barber, or a Chinese laundromat, and of course current topics (like presidential election speeches).

*Some of the terminology that mentions "stunt" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…こうしたジャンル以外にも場所,時間,人間関係などを極限状況に設定して,心理的,あるいは物理的アクションを生み出すという一つの典型的なパターンをふまえる映画は数多い。
[アクション映画の前史]
 《大列車強盗》以前にエジソンは,〈ピープショー〉と呼ばれたのぞき式の〈キネトスコープ〉で,アクロバット,レスリング,芸をする犬や猫や熊,闘鶏,ベリー・ダンス,空中ブランコ,拳銃の曲射ち,バッファロー・ビルの率いる〈ワイルド・ウェスト・ショー〉といった寄席やサーカスや珍しいスポーツの妙技(スタントstuntと総称され,ここからスタントマンの名が生まれる)を撮影して見せていた。1896年に演芸場でのスクリーン映写(バイタスコープvitascopeと呼ばれた)が始まると,同じショーを生の舞台で見慣れてきた観客は,当然これらの白黒で無声の60秒程度の映像に〈複製〉された出し物にあきたらず,むしろ舞台では見られないもの,すなわち一方ではナイアガラ瀑布(ばくふ)や突進している機関車といった自然や機械の驚異,他方では鍛冶屋や歯医者や床屋や中国人の洗濯屋といった近所の日常的光景,そしてもちろん時事的な話題(大統領の選挙演説など)をスクリーンで見たがった。…

※「stunt」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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