Supreme Court of the United States

Japanese: Supreme Court of the United States（英語表記）SupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates

…However, in the course of this experience, when a decision on the constitutionality of a law is required to resolve a case in a regular court, a method has been adopted to encourage the activities of the Constitutional Court, and it is expected that the court will play a role in protecting human rights. In the United States, too, people are calling on the court to protect the freedom and rights of an unspecified number of people who are placed in unconstitutional situations, rather than just relieving individual rights and interests, and litigation methods and corresponding judgment methods have been developed that aim to realize the ideal constitutional order. It is also noteworthy that the Supreme Court of the United States is playing a role in protecting the constitution similar to that of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. In this way, each country has a different system due to its historical experience, but they share the common goal of protecting the constitution, and it is meaningful to compare the role of the power of judicial review of unconstitutional legislation with the examples of such foreign countries. …

From the Supreme Court

...In addition, as will be described later, the Supreme Court has rule-making powers and various judicial and administrative powers that were not recognized in the Daishin'in, and is in a position to exercise strong control and supervision not only in relation to the legislative and administrative powers but also within the judicial branch. In comparison with examples from other countries, the Supreme Court of Japan is most similar to the Supreme Court of the United States, which is at the top of the federal judicial system in the United States. The methods of handling cases and legal theories that it sets forth through its precedents are often studied and introduced in Japan, and sometimes have an influence on the decisions of Japanese courts. ...

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Supreme Court of the United States" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ところが，その体験の過程で，通常の裁判所における事件の解決のために法律の合憲性判断が必要となると，憲法裁判所の活動を促す方法が採用され，人権保障の役割をも十分期待できるようになっている。また，アメリカにおいても，個人の権利や利益の救済にとどまらず違憲状態におかれた不特定多数人の自由や権利の保護を裁判所に求め，あるべき憲法秩序の実現をめざす訴訟方法やそれに対応した判決方法が生じており，合衆国最高裁判所Supreme Court of the United Statesがドイツの連邦憲法裁判所と近似した憲法保障の役割を果たすようになっていることも注目される。このように，諸国の制度は，その歴史的体験から異なる制度をもつが，憲法保障という共通の目的をもっており，違憲立法審査権の役割をそのような諸外国の例と比較して検討することは意義深い。…

【最高裁判所】より

…また，最高裁判所は，後述するように，大審院には認められていなかった規則制定権や種々の司法行政権を有し，立法権･行政権との関係のみならず司法部内においても強い統制権，監督権を行使できる地位にある。　諸外国の例と比較してみると，日本の最高裁判所と最もよく似ているのは，アメリカ合衆国の連邦裁判所組織の頂点にある合衆国最高裁判所Supreme Court of the United Statesである。それが判例をとおして示す事件の処理方法や法理論は，日本においてよく研究，紹介され，ときには日本の裁判所の判決にその影響がみられる。…

※「Supreme Court of the United States」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Suprasellar germinoma

>>: Supriopimpinella nikoensis (English spelling)