…An introduced plant of the grass family native to Europe, an annual plant found in wheat fields and roadsides (illustration). It grows in a loose clump, similar to wheat but thinner. The stem is 60-90 cm tall, and the leaves are linear, 15-25 cm long, about 6 mm wide, and soft grassy. It flowers in May. It produces linear ears, with spikelets spaced apart on both sides of the central axis. The spikelets are about 2 cm long and bear 5-7 florets, with only one glume being longer than the spikelet and 2.5 cm long. When ryegrass is mixed into pasture, it can cause poisoning in livestock, so it is called poisonous ryegrass, but in fact ryegrass itself is not poisonous, but is caused by parasitism of the fungus Endoconidium temulentum Prill.et Delacr., which produces a poisonous alkaloid called temulen. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "temulen" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ヨーロッパ原産のイネ科の帰化植物で,麦畑や道端等にみられる一年草(イラスト)。ゆるい株立ちとなり,全体コムギに似てより細い。茎は高さ60~90cm,葉は線形で長さ15~25cm,幅6mmくらい,軟らかい草質である。花は5月。線形の穂を出し,中軸の両側に小穂が間をおいて互生する。小穂は長さ約2cm,5~7個の小花をつけ,ただ1個の苞穎(ほうえい)は小穂より長く長さ2.5cmである。ドクムギが牧草に混入すると家畜が中毒を起こすことがあるので毒麦というが,実際にはドクムギ自体に毒素があるのではなく,テムリンtemulenという有毒アルカロイドを産出する菌Endoconidium temulentum Prill.et Delacr.の寄生によるものである。… ※「temulen」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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