Born: December 6, 1813, Petersburg [Died] June 12, 1877, Greenwich, England. Russian poet, critic, and revolutionary. Born into a wealthy landowning family, he was deeply shocked by the Decembrist uprising of 1825, which determined the direction of his political thought. He studied at Moscow University from 1832 to 1833, and along with his close friend A. Herzen, he was inclined towards utopian socialism, but by the end of the 1830s he was leaning towards materialism. He was arrested twice, in 1834 and 1850, for participating in the revolutionary movement, and exiled to Siberia. In 1856, he fled to London, where he published the magazine Polyarnaya zvezda (1855-1869) and the periodical Kolokol (1857-1867) with Herzen, serializing revolutionary poems and publishing revolutionary documents for Russia. His major poetic works include Kabak (41), Izba (42), Monologi (44-47), and Svoboda (58). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1813.12.6. ペテルブルグ [没]1877.6.12. イギリス,グリニッジ ロシアの詩人,評論家,革命運動家。裕福な地主の家庭に生れ,1825年のデカブリストの蜂起に強い衝撃を受け,政治思想の方向を決定した。 32~33年モスクワ大学に学び,親友の A.ゲルツェンとともにユートピア社会主義に傾倒したが,1830年代の終り頃には唯物論に傾斜していった。 34年と 50年の2回にわたり,革命運動に参加したかどで検挙され,シベリアへ流刑。 56年ロンドンへ亡命,ゲルツェンとともに雑誌『北極星』 Polyarnaya zvezda (1855~69) ,定期紙『鐘』 Kolokol (57~67) を発行,革命的な詩を連載したり,ロシア向け革命文書を発行するなどの活動を行なった。おもな詩作品に『居酒屋』 Kabak (41) ,『百姓家』 Izba (42) ,『モノローグ』 Monologi (44~47) ,『自由』 Svoboda (58) がある。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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