…When Norway gained independence from Denmark in 1814, it created Riksmål, a mixture of Danish and Norwegian colloquialism. However, a separate language called Landsmål was created based on the dialects of the western rural areas, and a linguistic civil war has been raging between the two. Even now, the two languages have been renamed Bokmål and Nynorsk, and they continue to compete for power in a class-like battle, correcting their spellings. … From Norway…The direct results were the work of Peter Christen Asbjørnsen (1812-85) and Jørgen Moe (1813-82) who compiled folk tales (the first volume of the Norwegian Folktales was published in 1841), the folk song collection by the pastor Magnus Brostrup Landstad (1802-80), the transcription of melodies by Ludvig Mathias Lindeman (1812-87), and the compilation and arrangement of Norwegian vocabulary and grammar by the self-taught linguist Ivar Aasen (1813-96). Aasen's Grammar of the Norwegian National Language (1848) and Lexicon of the Norwegian National Language (1850) formed the basis for the formation of a Norwegian language (Landsmål, the precursor of today's New Norwegian) in opposition to the Danish style of writing. … From [Norwegian]...One was the Norwegianization of the written language that had existed since the time of the union with Denmark, in terms of pronunciation and vocabulary. This so-called Danish-Norwegian, used by writers such as H. Ibsen, was called riksmål. The other was the creation of a written language based on the dialects of Western Norway, which was proposed by Ivar Aasen (1813-96), who aimed to free Norwegian from Danish. This written language was called landsmål. Thus, Norway came to have the two official languages mentioned above, and in 1929 these two written languages were given the official names bokmål (= book language) and nynorsk (= new Norwegian). ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "landsmål" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ノルウェーは1814年にデンマークの支配を脱して独立するにあたり,デンマーク語にノルウェー口語を混和させたリクスモールriksmålを作り上げた。ところがこれとは別に西部農村地帯の方言に立脚したランスモールlandsmålが組み立てられ,両者の間に言語の内戦が繰り返されている。現在でも,それぞれボクモールbokmål,ニューノルスクnynorskと名称を改め,相互に正書法を補正しながら,階級闘争まがいの勢力争いを続けている。… 【ノルウェー】より…直接の結実は,民話伝説を収録したアスビョルンセンPeter Christen Asbjørnsen(1812‐85)とモエーJørgen Moe(1813‐82)のしごと(《ノルウェー民話集》第1巻は1841刊),牧師のランスタMagnus Brostrup Landstad(1802‐80)が集めた民謡集,リンネマンLudvig Mathias Lindeman(1812‐87)のメロディ採譜,独学の言語学者オーセンIvar Aasen(1813‐96)のノルウェー特有の語彙・文法の収録・整理等々のしごとである。オーセンの《ノルウェー国民語文法》(1848),《ノルウェー国民語辞典》(1850)は,デンマーク語式の書き言葉に対してノルウェー自体の言語(ランスモールLandsmål。今日の〈新ノルウェー語〉の前身)を形成する基盤となった。… 【ノルウェー語】より…一つはデンマークとの連合時代以来存在する文語を,発音・語彙に関してノルウェー語化する方法であり,H.イプセンなどの作家が使用した,このいわゆるデンマーク・ノルウェー語はリクスモールriksmålと呼ばれた。他の一つは,ノルウェー語のデンマーク語からの解放を目ざすオーセンIvar Aasen(1813‐96)が提唱した,特に西ノルウェーの諸方言を基礎とした文語の創造であり,この文語はランスモールlandsmålと呼ばれた。このようにして,ノルウェーは上述の二つの公用語をもつことになるが,1929年にはこれら二つの文語にそれぞれボクモールbokmål(=〈本のことば〉),ニューノルスクnynorsk(=〈新ノルウェー語〉)の公式名称が与えられた。… ※「landsmål」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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