Mr. Ogasawara - Ogasawara-uji

The Kai Genji clan, whose ancestor was Shinrasaburo Yoshimitsu, are of the same clan as the Takeda clan. Nagakiyo, the son of the third generation Tomitsu, lived in Ogasawara, Kai Province (Ogasawara, Minami-Alps City, Yamanashi Prefecture) and took the name Ogasawara. Tomitsu was appointed as the provincial governor of Shinano (Nagano Prefecture) for his military achievements in pursuing the Taira clan, and Nagakiyo was appointed as the land steward of Banno Manor in Shinano, and was highly respected by Minamoto no Yoritomo. Later, Nagakiyo's descendants succeeded him as the shugo of Awa Province (Tokushima Prefecture). During the Genkō Incident (1331), Sadamune served alongside Ashikaga Takauji and achieved military success, becoming the governor of Shinano in place of the Hojo clan and acquiring many territories in the area. The head family of the Ogasawara clan moved their base from Kai to Shinano and played an active role on the side of the shogunate during the civil wars of the Northern and Southern Courts. Masayasu pacified Shinano, which was in turmoil due to the influence of the Kanto region, in 1440 (Eikyō 12), but after his death the family split into the Fuchū Ogasawara and Ina Ogasawara, which became embroiled in conflict. The Kyoto Ogasawara family, a branch family, passed on the Ogasawara school to future generations as archery and horsemanship instructors for the Muromachi Shogunate.

During the Tenbun era (1532-1555), Takeda Shingen invaded and drove the feudal lord Ogasawara Nagatoki out of Fuchu (Matsumoto City), but his son Sadayoshi served the Tokugawa family and restored the family in Shinano when the Takeda clan was destroyed. The Ogasawara family was then transferred to Kokura in Buzen Province (Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture). The lord of Echizen, Ogasawara, was of Ina descent.

[Gunichi Yumoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

新羅三郎義光(しんらさぶろうよしみつ)を祖とする甲斐源氏(かいげんじ)で、武田氏と同族。3代遠光(とおみつ)の子長清(ながきよ)が甲斐国小笠原（山梨県南アルプス市小笠原）の地に住んで小笠原を名のった。遠光は平氏追討に戦功があって信濃(しなの)（長野県）の国司に任ぜられ、長清も信濃の伴野荘地頭職(ともののしょうじとうしき)に補(ぶ)せられ、源頼朝(みなもとのよりとも)の親任が厚かった。その後、長清の子孫が阿波国(あわのくに)（徳島県）の守護職を継いだ。元弘(げんこう)の変（1331）には貞宗(さだむね)が足利尊氏(あしかがたかうじ)に従って戦功をあげ、北条氏にかわって信濃の守護となり、その地に多くの所領を得た。小笠原氏宗家(そうけ)は本拠地を甲斐から信濃に移し、南北朝の内乱時代を幕府方として活躍した。政康(まさやす)は関東の影響で乱れる信濃を1440年（永享12）に平定したが、その死後、一族は府中小笠原(ふちゅうおがさわら)と伊那小笠原(いなおがさわら)に分裂し対立した。庶流の京都小笠原家は室町将軍家の弓馬指南として、後世に小笠原流を伝えた。

　天文(てんぶん)年間（1532～1555）の武田信玄(たけだしんげん)の侵入により、戦国大名小笠原長時(ながとき)は府中（松本市）を追われたが、その子貞慶(さだよし)は徳川家に仕え、武田氏の滅亡のとき信濃に入って家を再興した。その後、小笠原氏は豊前国(ぶぜんのくに)小倉(こくら)（福岡県北九州市）に移封となった。越前(えちぜん)藩主の小笠原は伊那の系統である。

［湯本軍一］

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