A secret Macedonian revolutionary organization founded in 1893 with the slogan "Macedonia for Macedonians." It is an acronym for the English name Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. Aiming to gain autonomy from the Ottoman Empire and to form a Balkan federation with Serbia, Macedonia, and Bulgaria, they staged the Ilinden Uprising in 1903 (Ilinden is the name of a national holiday, "St. Elijah's Day"). When this failed, they gradually came under the protection of Bulgaria, and during World War I they carried out indiscriminate terrorism against the Serbian population of Macedonia. After Bulgaria lost in World War I, IMRO members flowed into the Bulgarian capital of Sofia, where they exploited national resentment against the Treaty of Neuilly (a peace treaty concluded between Bulgaria and the Allied Powers after World War I) to assassinate politicians who advocated friendly policies with neighboring countries and participated in the overthrow of the Stamboljski government. However, they later split into left and right factions and carried out numerous terrorist attacks within the organization, causing great unrest within Bulgaria. [Kenji Terashima] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1893年、「マケドニア人のためのマケドニア」をスローガンに掲げて創設されたマケドニアの秘密革命組織。英語名Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization(内部マケドニア革命組織)の頭文字をとった略称。オスマン帝国からの自治権獲得と、セルビア、マケドニア、ブルガリアによるバルカン連邦の結成を目ざし、1903年にイリンデン蜂起(ほうき)(イリンデンは「聖エリヤの日」で祭日の名)を行った。これが失敗すると、しだいにブルガリアの保護下に入り、第一次世界大戦中はマケドニアのセルビア系住民に無差別テロを加えた。第一次大戦でブルガリアが敗戦すると、IMROのメンバーはブルガリアの首都ソフィアに流入し、ヌイイ条約(第一次大戦後、連合諸国とブルガリアとの間に結ばれた講和条約)に対する国民的反感に乗じて、近隣諸国との友好政策を唱える政治家を暗殺し、スタンボリースキ政権転覆にも加担した。しかし、その後左派と右派に分裂して組織内テロも多発させ、ブルガリア国内に大きな混乱をもたらした。 [寺島憲治] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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