hovering

Japanese: hovering
hovering

…On the other hand, if it is necessary to fly slowly and avoid trees and other obstacles, a large wing area and a small wingspan are advantageous. A very special flying technique, hovering, in which the bird remains in one spot in the air while flying, is particularly well developed in hummingbirds. The speed at which a bird flies of course depends on the flying conditions, and it is difficult to measure accurately. …

From [Flight]

…There are various ways for insects, birds, bats, and other animals to fly, but the most typical is flapping flight. Gliding and hovering are also commonly seen. Flapping flight is seen in most flying animals. …

From [Helicopter]

...In a normal fixed-wing aircraft (airplane), lift is generated on the wings only by moving forward, and the magnitude of this lift increases as the flight speed increases, so the aircraft cannot fly below a certain speed. In contrast, a helicopter can generate lift simply by rotating its rotors, so it can take off and land vertically and can also remain stationary in the air, i.e., hover.
[history]
The idea of ​​rotor-assisted flight is said to date back to the ancient Chinese bamboo-copters.

*Some terminology explanations that mention "hovering" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一方ゆっくりと,木などをさけて飛ぶ必要のある場合は翼面積が大きく,翼幅は小さいほうが有利である。非常に特殊な飛翔法は飛びながら空中の1点でとどまるホバリングhoveringで,ハチドリ類でとくによく発達している。 鳥の飛ぶ速度はもちろん飛翔条件によって異なり,また正確に測定することは困難である。…

【飛翔】より

…昆虫,鳥,コウモリなどの動物が行う飛翔には,さまざまな方法があるが,最も典型的なのは,はばたき飛行flapping flightであろう。そのほかにも,滑空glidingや空中停止飛行hovering(ホバリングともいう)などもよく見られる。はばたき運動はほとんどの飛翔動物に見られる。…

【ヘリコプター】より

…ふつうの固定翼機(飛行機)では,前進することによってはじめて翼に揚力が発生し,しかもその大きさは飛行速度の増加とともに増すので,一定の速度以下では飛行できない。これに対してヘリコプターの場合,ローターを回転させるだけで揚力が発生できるので垂直に離着陸できるとともに,空中に静止,すなわちホバリングhoveringすることも可能である。
[歴史]
 ローターによる飛行のアイディアの最初は,古く中国の竹とんぼにさかのぼるといわれる。…

※「hovering」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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