Osumi Islands

Japanese: 大隅諸島 - おおすみしょとう
Osumi Islands

Islands scattered across the sea across the Osumi Strait from the Osumi Peninsula in Kagoshima Prefecture. It consists of four islands: Yakushima, Tanegashima, Kuchinoerabujima, and Mageshima. Nearby are Takeshima, Iojima, Kuroshima, and the Kusagaki Islands, but the three islands other than the Kusagaki Islands are generally called the Kuchinoshima Islands and are not included in the Osumi Islands. Administratively, Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima are Yakushima Town, the northern part of Tanegashima and Mageshima are Nishinoomote City, the central part is Nakatane Town, and the southern part is Minamitane Town. Yakushima has an area of ​​504.88 square kilometers, and its highest point is Miyanoura-dake at 1,936 meters, which is also the highest point in all of Kyushu. The base of the island is Mesozoic sedimentary rocks called the Kumage Group, which is covered by Tertiary granites, forming a high mountain. This is one of the areas with the most rainfall in Japan, and the cedar trees that grow on the island and are over 1,000 years old are well known as Yakusugi (Yakusugi). While Yakushima is almost circular, Tanegashima is long and narrow, with an area of ​​444.99 square kilometers. The highest point is 282 meters, and the topography is flat with few undulations. The base is the same as Yakushima, and two layers of Neogene sedimentary rocks cover it. It is known as the island where firearms were introduced by the Portuguese in 1543, and in recent years, along with Uchinoura (Kimotsuki Town) on the Osumi Peninsula, it is known as a space rocket launch site. Kuchinoerabujima is an active volcano island. The plains of each island have a subtropical climate, with lush banyan trees and blooming hibiscus. Flying fish fishing is popular in the early summer off the coast of the islands.

[Kimihiko Tsukada]

[Reference items] | Kuchinoerabu Island | Tanegashima | Yakushima
Mount Miyanoura
Yakushima National Park. Part of the World Heritage Site "Yakushima" (registered in 1993) Yakushima Town, Kumage District, Kagoshima Prefecture ©Ministry of the Environment ">

Mount Miyanoura

Jomon Cedar in Yakushima Cedar Primeval Forest
Yakushima National Park. Part of the World Natural Heritage Site "Yakushima" (registered in 1993) Nationally designated special natural monument Yakushima Town, Kumage District, Kagoshima Prefecture © Kagoshima Prefecture Tourism Federation ">

Jomon Cedar in Yakushima Cedar Primeval Forest


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鹿児島県大隅半島から大隅海峡を隔てた海上に散在する島々。屋久島(やくしま)、種子島(たねがしま)、口永良部島(くちのえらぶじま)、馬毛島(まげしま)の4島からなる。付近には竹島、硫黄島(いおうじま)、黒島、草垣群島があるが、草垣群島を除く3島を一般に口之三島(くちのみしま)とよび、大隅諸島には加えない。行政区として屋久島と口永良部島を屋久島町、種子島の北部と馬毛島を西之表(にしのおもて)市、中部を中種子町、南部を南種子町と区分している。屋久島の面積は504.88平方キロメートル、最高点は宮之浦岳(みやのうらだけ)の1936メートルで九州全体の最高点でもある。この島の基盤は熊毛(くまげ)層群とよばれる中生代の堆積岩で、その上を第三紀の花崗岩(かこうがん)類が覆い、これが高い山体を形成している。ここは日本の最多雨域の一つでもあり、この島で生育した樹齢1000年以上のスギをヤクスギ(屋久杉)とよび、よく知られている。屋久島がほぼ円形であるのに対し、種子島は細長く、面積444.99平方キロメートルとやや狭い。最高点も282メートルで地形は平坦(へいたん)で起伏の小さい島である。基盤は屋久島と同じで、その上を2枚の新第三紀の堆積岩類が覆う。古くはポルトガル人による鉄砲伝来(1543)の島として、近年は大隅半島内之浦(うちのうら)(肝付(きもつき)町)と並び宇宙ロケット発射基地の島として知られる。口永良部島は活火山島である。各島の平地は亜熱帯性の気候を示し、ガジュマルが茂り、ハイビスカスが咲く。本諸島近海は初夏のトビウオ漁が盛んである。

[塚田公彦]

[参照項目] | 口永良部島 | 種子島 | 屋久島
宮之浦岳
屋久島国立公園域。世界自然遺産「屋久島」の一部(1993年登録) 鹿児島県熊毛郡屋久島町©環境省">

宮之浦岳

屋久島スギ原始林の縄文杉
屋久島国立公園域。世界自然遺産「屋久島」の一部(1993年登録) 国指定特別天然記念物 鹿児島県熊毛郡屋久島町©公益社団法人鹿児島県観光連盟">

屋久島スギ原始林の縄文杉


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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