Guttmann, L.

Japanese: Guttmann,L.(英語表記)GuttmannL
Guttmann, L.

...The reason why physical activity, which was often introduced as a supplementary method of medical treatment, has been elevated to a sport enjoyed by disabled people as a shared culture of humanity is thought to be due to the change in the structure of diseases accompanying medical advances, i.e., the increase in chronic diseases and disabled people due to the sharp decline in deaths, and the change in thinking about this fact, i.e., the respect for human dignity and how to respond to it, focusing on how to best utilize remaining abilities. A contributor to the development of sports for the disabled was the British L. Guttmann (1899-1980). On the opening day of the 14th London Olympic Games in 1948, he held an archery tournament at Stoke Mandeville Hospital on the outskirts of London, with the participation of 16 wheelchair-using paraplegics due to spinal cord injuries sustained in the war. In 1952, participants from the Netherlands were added to this tournament, making it an international tournament (International Stoke Mandeville Games, ISMG), and it has now developed into the International Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Sports Federation (ISMWSF). ...

From the Paralympics

…The word “Paralympics” is a compound word of “paraplegics” (people with paraplegia) and “Olympics” (Olympics), and is the common name for an international sports competition for physically disabled people. Since sports are an effective means of rehabilitation for physically disabled people, Dr. Ludwig Guttmann, the director of Stoke Mandeville Hospital in the UK, and others encouraged sports for people with paraplegia due to spinal cord injuries and held a competition. In 1952, the participation of the Dutch team made it an international competition. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Guttmann, L." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…医学的治療の一補助手段として導入されることの多かった身体活動を,人類共有の文化として障害者が楽しむスポーツにまで高めたのは,医学の進歩に伴う疾病構造の変化,つまり死亡の激減に伴う慢性的疾患や障害者の増加と,この事実に対する思想の変化,つまり残された能力をいかによく発揮させるかという,人間に対する尊厳とその対応のしかたによるものであると考えられている。障害者スポーツ発展の貢献者は,イギリスのグットマンL.Guttmann(1899‐1980)で,彼は1948年,第14回ロンドン・オリンピック大会の開会式の日,ロンドン郊外のストーク・マンデビル病院内で,戦争で傷ついた脊髄損傷による車いす使用の下半身麻痺者16人の参加を得て,アーチェリー競技会を開催した。この競技会は,52年にオランダからの参加者を得て国際的な大会(国際ストーク・マンデビル競技大会,ISMG)となり,現在では国際ストーク・マンデビル車いすスポーツ連盟International Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Sports Federation(ISMWSF)として発展している。…

【パラリンピック】より

…〈パラリンピック〉は下半身対麻痺者paraplegicsと,オリンピックOlympicsとの合成語で,身体障害者の国際スポーツ競技大会の通称。スポーツが身体障害者のリハビリテーションに有効な治療手段となるところから,イギリスのストークマンデビル病院長,グットマンLudwig Guttmann博士らが脊髄損傷による下半身麻痺者のスポーツを奨励,競技大会を開いた。1952年オランダチームの参加により国際的競技大会となった。…

※「Guttmann,L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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