The Alamanni's occupation of Agri-Decmatez and the Frankish invasion of Gaul in the second half of the 3rd century brought an abrupt end to Gallo-Roman culture, and the provincial economy declined from which it never recovered. In the late 3rd century, Emperor Diocletian reorganized the empire, with the southern part of Germania Superior becoming Maxima Sequanorum (with its administrative centre in Besançon) becoming Germania Prima (with its administrative centre in Mainz), and the southern part of Germania Inferior becoming Germania Secunda (with its administrative centre in Cologne). The subsequent emperors, Constantine and Valentinian, succeeded in rebuilding the Rhine defenses and ushered in the final era of Roman peace, but they imposed the economic burden of maintaining the Rhine legions on the provincial people, leading to the collapse of the middle class through heavy taxation and splitting them into two extreme classes, the wealthy and the poor. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Germania Prima" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし,3世紀後半,アラマン人によるアグリ・デクマテスの占領とフランク人のガリアへの大規模な侵入は,ガロ・ロマン文化の突然の終焉(しゆうえん)をもたらし,属州経済も衰え,再び立ち直ることはなかった。ガリア 3世紀末,皇帝ディオクレティアヌスの帝国再編制では,上ゲルマニアは,その南部が〈マクシマ・セクアノルムMaxima Sequanorum〉(行政府はブザンソン)として分離して〈ゲルマニア・プリマGermania Prima〉(同マインツ)となり,下ゲルマニアは,〈ゲルマニア・セクンダGermania Secunda〉(同ケルン)と改称された。続くコンスタンティヌスおよびウァレンティニアヌス両朝の諸帝は,ライン防衛線の再建に成功して,最後の〈ローマの平和〉の時代を築いたが,ライン軍団維持の経済的負担を属州民に負わせ,重税による中産階級の崩壊を招いて,彼らを富裕・貧困両極の階級に分裂させた。… ※「Germania Prima」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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