gentian

…A perennial plant of the Gentianaceae family that blooms with blue-purple flowers that brighten up autumn meadows (illustration). The stems are erect or ascending, 15-60 cm tall including the flowers, rarely reaching 1 m, and are often purplish green. The basal leaves are scaly, the stem leaves are egg-lanceolate or lanceolate, 3-10 cm long, three-veined, and rough with projections on the edges. From September to November, one to many flowers are produced at the stem apex and leaf axils. The flowers are sessile, the calyx is 5-lobed, and the lobes are linear-lanceolate and different. The corolla is tubular-bell-shaped, 4-6 cm long, blue-purple to purple-red, or rarely white (white gentian), 5-lobed, and the secondary lobes (corolla) between the lobes are small and triangular. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "gentian" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…秋の草原を彩る青紫色の花を咲かせるリンドウ科の多年草（イラスト）。茎は直立または斜上し，花を含めた高さは15～60cm，まれに1mに達し，しばしば帯紫緑色。根出葉は鱗片状，茎葉は卵状披針形または披針形で，長さ3～10cm，3脈あり，へりには突起があってざらつく。9～11月に，茎頂および葉腋（ようえき）に1個から多数の花をつける。花は無柄，萼は5中裂し，裂片は線状披針形で不同。花冠は筒状鐘形で長さ4～6cm，青紫色から紫紅色，まれに白色(シロバナリンドウ)で5裂し，裂片間の副片(副花冠)は小型で三角形。…

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出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報