Bergson's second major work. Published in 1896. Inheriting the mind-matter dualism from Descartes, this book elucidates the relationship between the two from a unique perspective of time. If mental reality has "qualitatively different layers" due to the tension-relaxation of duration, and "pure memory" is a purely mental "temporal synthesis" unrelated to external events, then in "pure perception" we merge with the rhythm of the "memoryless" present repetition of matter. However, these two are merely "ideal limits," and so-called "living" is to organize layers of memory according to perception, while twisting mental rhythm into material rhythm, assimilating and directing the former into the latter, and the mind-body relationship is also a process in which the brain, or "body," uses its material mobility to "externalize into action" the "part of thought that can become an image, or movement." [Mitsuo Nakata] "Tajima Setsuo's translation of "Matter and Memory" ("The Complete Works of Bergson, Volume 2", 1965, Hakusuisha)" [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ベルクソンの第二主要著作。1896年刊。デカルト以来の精神‐物質二元論を継承し、両者の関係を独自の時間的視角から解明した書。心的実在には持続の緊張‐弛緩(しかん)によって「質的に異なるもろもろの層」があり、「純粋記憶」が外的事象にかかわらぬ純粋に心的な「時間的総合(サンテーズ)」であるとすれば、「純粋知覚」においてわれわれは物質の「記憶なき」現在反復のリズムと合体する。が、この二つは「観念的極限」にすぎず、いわゆる「生きる」とは知覚に応じて諸層の記憶を組織化しつつ、物質リズムに心的リズムをねじ込んで前者を後者に同化し方向づけることにあり、心身関係なるものも、脳なる「身」がその物質としての運動性によって、「思考のうちイマージュすなわち運動になりうる部分」を「行動へと外化する」作業とされる。 [中田光雄] 『田島節夫訳『物質と記憶』(『ベルグソン全集 第二巻』1965・白水社)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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