…In the process, he also skillfully integrated the minority radicals of the Congress Party, led by J. Nehru, with the majority conservatives, including V. Patel and R. Prasad, and developed the Congress Party into the largest mass nationalist organization by securing the support of Indian national capital, including the Birla business. At the same time, however, as seen in the Bhardwaj Resolution (1922) and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931), he absolutized the principle of ahimsa (non-violence), which was his ideology, and sometimes ordered the cessation of mass movements that developed beyond his or the Congress Party leadership's expectations, thus hindering the advancement of the mass anti-imperialist struggle as a whole. He was also thoroughly opposed to the peasant and worker movements taking on a class coloration. … *Some of the terminology that refers to the "Gāndhi-Irwin Pact" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…彼はまたこの過程で,少数派ではあるがJ.ネルーを先頭とする国民会議派内急進派と,V.パテールやR.プラサードら多数・保守派を会議派組織の中で巧みに統合し,かつビルラー財閥をはじめとするインド民族資本の支持をもとりつけることによって,会議派を最大の大衆的民族運動組織へと成長させた。ただ同時に,バールドーリー決議(1922)やガンディー=アーウィン協定Gāndhī‐Irwin Pact(1931)にみられるように,その理念とする〈アヒンサー(非暴力)〉の原則を絶対化するあまり,大衆運動が高揚した時に彼ないし会議派指導部の思惑外へそれが発展しようとすると運動の停止を命じ,全体としての大衆的反帝国主義闘争の推進を妨げることもあった。彼はまた,農民や労働者の運動が階級的色彩を帯びることには徹底して反対した。… ※「Gāndhī-Irwin Pact」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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