full-function wholesalers

...Wholesalers are broadly divided into merchant wholesalers, who are the parties to the acquisition and transfer of ownership of goods or services during a transaction, and agent wholesalers, who are not parties to the acquisition and transfer of ownership but only assist and support the completion of the transaction as agents for the buyer and seller. Wholesalers are also divided into general wholesalers, general wholesalers by industry, and specialized wholesalers (limited item wholesalers) based on the range of goods they handle; collector wholesalers (production area wholesalers), intermediate wholesalers (collection and distribution area wholesalers), dispersed wholesalers (consumption area wholesalers), or primary wholesalers (large wholesalers), secondary wholesalers (medium-sized wholesalers), and tertiary wholesalers (small wholesalers) based on their role and position in the distribution channel; full-function wholesalers and limited function wholesalers based on the range of functions they perform; and national wholesalers and local wholesalers based on the extent of their respective trade areas. Among these, agency wholesalers and limited-function wholesalers have only been seen in very limited cases in Japan so far, but if we also include examples from the United States and other countries, agency wholesalers include brokers, commission houses (American wholesalers roughly equivalent to wholesalers under the Commercial Code), resident buyers, auction companies, and wholesalers under the Japanese Commercial Code, while limited-function wholesalers include rack jobbers (wholesalers who are entrusted with the complete management of a corner of a retail store and demonstrate their expertise), cash-and-carry wholesalers, truck wholesalers (wagon jobbers), drop shipment wholesalers, and mail-order wholesalers.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "full-function wholesalers" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…卸売業は，取引に際して商品ないしはサービスに対する所有権の取得･譲渡の当事者となる自己卸売業ないしは差益卸売業merchant wholesalersと，所有権の取得･譲渡の当事者とはならず，売買当事者の代理人として取引遂行の補助･助成的活動のみを行う代理卸売業agent wholesalersに大別される。また取扱商品の範囲によって総合卸売業･業種別総合卸売業･専門卸売業(限定品目卸売業)に，流通経路上の役割や位置によって収集卸売業(産地卸売業)･仲継卸売業(集散地卸売業)･分散卸売業(消費地卸売業)，ないしは一次卸(大卸)･二次卸(中卸)･三次卸(小卸)に，発揮する機能の範囲によって全機能卸売業full‐function wholesalersと限定機能卸売業limited function wholesalersに，そして，それぞれの商圏の広がりによって全国卸売業･地方卸売業に分けられる。これらの中で，代理卸売業と限定機能卸売業については，日本ではこれまでごく限られた事例しかみられなかったが，アメリカなどの事例も含めれば，代理卸売業には，ブローカー，コミッション･ハウス(ほぼ商法上の問屋に相当するアメリカの卸売業)，駐在買付代理業resident buyers，せり売買会社auction companiesや日本の商法上の問屋などがあり，限定機能卸売業には，ラック･ジョバーrack jobbers(小売店の店頭の一つのコーナーのいっさいの管理をゆだねられ，専門性を発揮する卸売業)，現金払い持帰り制卸売業ないしは現金問屋cash‐and‐carry wholesalers，車積巡回卸売業truck wholesalers(wagon jobbers)，直送卸売業drop shipment wholesalers，通信販売卸売業mail‐order wholesalersなどがある。…

※「full-function wholesalers」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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