Al-Zarqāl (English spelling)

Japanese: ザルカール（英語表記）al‐Zarqāl

An 11th-century Arabian astronomer. Dates of birth and death unknown. His original name was probably Ibn al-Zarqālla. He was active in Toledo, Spain, and later moved to Córdoba. He contributed to the creation of the Toledo Tables, which were widely used in the 12th and 13th centuries. He was originally an astronomical instrument maker, and invented a special astrolabe called the Safiha. He also argued for the trepidatio theory (the vernal equinox moves forward and backward). His name (Latin name Arzachel) was widely known in medieval Europe, and his influence was enormous.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

11世紀のアラビアの天文学者。生没年不詳。本来の名は，おそらくイブン･アッザルカーッラIbn al‐Zarqālla。スペインのトレドで活躍し，後にコルドバに移った。12～13世紀に広く使われた天文表《トレド表》の作成に貢献した。もとは天文器具製作者で，〈サフィーハ〉という特殊なアストロラーブを考案した。また，トレピダティオ説(春分点が前進･後退をする)を論じた。彼の名(ラテン名アルザケルArzachel)は中世ヨーロッパで広く知られ，与えた影響はきわめて大きい。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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