Exophthalmos

Japanese: exophthalmos
Exophthalmos

...In humans, the orbit and the temporal fossa are completely separated by a barrier, but in many mammals the partition between these areas is incomplete, and the degree of incompleteness is a taxonomic marker.
[Orbital disease]
Because the orbit is surrounded by a bony wall, various pathological conditions can easily cause exophthalmos. The distance between the outer edge of the orbit and the apex of the cornea is called exophthalmos, and is usually measured with a Hertel exophthalmosmeter.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "exophthalmos" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…なお,ヒトでは眼窩と側頭窩との間は障壁で完全に境されているが,哺乳類の多くではこの部の隔壁が不完全で,その不完全の程度が分類学上の一つの標識になる。
[眼窩の病気]
 眼窩の周囲は骨壁でとり囲まれているため,種々の病的状態が生ずると,眼球突出exophthalmosを起こしやすい。眼窩外縁と角膜頂点間の距離を眼球突出度といい,通常ヘルテル眼球突出度計で測定される。…

※「exophthalmos」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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