...A hypothetical satellite's speed on the Earth's surface is 7.905 km/s (first cosmic velocity), so if it is launched directly east at the equator, a major advantage is that it saves rocket fuel by the Earth's rotational speed (0.464 km/s). Furthermore, there is a restriction that the satellite's orbital inclination (the angle between the satellite's orbital plane and the equator) cannot be smaller than the latitude of the launch point unless the direction is changed after the rocket is launched (this is called a dogleg because the orbit is bent like a dog's leg). On the other hand, if the latitude of the launch point is directly under the equator (latitude 0°), theoretically it is possible to launch a satellite with any orbital inclination. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "dog leg" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…地球表面での仮想的人工衛星速度7.905km/s(第一宇宙速度)に対し,赤道直下で真東に発射する場合,地球自転周速度の分(0.464km/s)だけロケットの燃料を節約できるのは大きな利点である。さらに衛星の軌道傾斜角(衛星軌道面と赤道面のなす角)は,ロケット発射後に方位を曲げる(イヌの脚のような形に軌道を曲げることからドッグレッグdoglegと呼ぶ)ことをしないかぎり,発射点の緯度の値より小さくはできないという制約がある。これに対して発射点の緯度が赤道直下(緯度0゜)であれば,理論的には任意の軌道傾斜角をもった衛星を打ち上げることができる。… ※「dog leg」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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