...First, W. Radtke was influenced by F. Bacon's inductive method based on observation and experimentation, and placed emphasis on intuitive teaching, aiming to establish a teaching method. Next, JA Comenius, based on panscientism, explored a method of teaching common knowledge to everyone, and wrote Didactica magna (1657). In Europe during this period, the rationalization of production methods progressed, and there was a consciousness of establishing rational teaching methods in education as well. ... From [Comenius]...From this perspective, he advocated the need for men and women in all countries to learn a system of universal knowledge (which he called pansophia) that integrated all fields of learning in the same language in a class-free, single-track school system, and he devoted his energy to systematizing it himself and pursued a natural educational method to ensure that it was acquired. His major work, Didactica Magna (first written in Czech, later translated into Latin. Published in Latin in 1657 and Czech in 1849), is said to be the world's first systematic introduction to pedagogy, but in terms of educational methodology, it can be seen as a continuation and development of the work of contemporary German pedagogists. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Didactica magna" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…まずW.ラトケが,F.ベーコンの事物観察,実験にもとづく帰納的方法の影響を受け,直観教授を重視し,教授の方法の確立をめざした。ついでJ.A.コメニウスが汎知主義に立って人類共通の知識を万人に教授する方法を探求し《大教授学Didactica magna》(1657)を著した。ヨーロッパではこの時代に生産方法の合理化がすすみ,教育においても合理的な教授の方法の確立が意識された。… 【コメニウス】より…この観点から,すべての国の男女が同一の言語によって,階級差別のない単線型学校制度において学問のあらゆる分野を統合した万人に共通必須の普遍的知識の体系(パンソフィアpansophiaと彼は名づけた)を学ぶ必要を説き,みずからその体系化に精力を注ぐとともに,それを確実に身につけるための合自然の教育方法を追求した。主著《大教授学Didactica Magna》(最初チェコ語で書かれ,のちラテン語訳。刊行はラテン語版1657年,チェコ語版1849年)は世界最初の体系的教育学概論書といわれるが,教育方法理論の点では同時代のドイツの教授学者たちの業績を継承・発展したものとみてとれる。… ※「《Didactica magna》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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