Yanji - Yanji

Japanese: 延吉 - えんきつ
Yanji - Yanji

A county-level city and former county name in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, northeastern China. Yanji has a population of 524,000 (2010), of which about 60% are Korean. It is located in the basin of the Tumen River tributaries, and is served by the Changtu Line (Changchun-Tumen) and the high-speed Changji Intercity Railway (Changchun-Jilin). It is the center of the Jiandao region, where border disputes occurred between the Qing and Korea in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As there were many Korean settlers in Jiandao, the Qing dynasty set up a reclamation bureau in 1881 to allow the Han people to cultivate the area, and it is also called Kyokushigai. There are the prefectural government, Yanbian University, the Normal School, a broadcasting station, and a newspaper company, and Korean is commonly used. There are factories producing machinery, wood processing, chemicals, ceramics, knitting, pharmaceuticals, etc. Near the city is Yanji Chaoyangchuan Airport, which was built during the Korean War (1952) and is used by both military and civilians.

The former Yanji County was renamed Longjing County in 1983, and became Longjing City when it was incorporated as a city in 1988. There are state-run farms and the city produces rice, soybeans, corn, etc.

[Tatsuro Asai, Editorial Department, July 19, 2017]

[Reference] | Yanbian | Jiandao

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国東北地区、吉林(きつりん)省延辺(えんぺん)朝鮮族自治州にある県級市および旧県名。延吉市の人口は52万4000(2010)で、うち約60%は朝鮮族である。図們江(ともんこう)支流群の盆地にあり、長図線(長春(ちょうしゅん)―図們)および高速鉄道の長吉城際鉄道(長春―吉林)が通じる。19世紀末から20世紀初頭、清(しん)と朝鮮両国間で国境紛争が起こった間島(かんとう)地方の中心地である。間島への朝鮮族の入植が多かったので、清朝は1881年漢民族による開墾を計画して招墾局を設置したため局子街(きょくしがい)ともいう。州政府、延辺大学、師範学院、放送局、新聞社があり、朝鮮語を常用する。機械、木材加工、化学、陶磁器、メリヤス、製薬などの工場がある。市街近くには、朝鮮戦争時(1952)に建設された軍民共用の延吉朝陽川空港がある。

 旧延吉県は1983年竜井(りゅうせい)県と改称し、1988年市制施行して竜井市となった。国営農場があり、米、大豆、トウモロコシなどを産する。

[浅井辰郎・編集部 2017年7月19日]

[参照項目] | 延辺 | 間島

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