Compounds of cobalt and chlorine, known in oxidation states II and III. (1) Cobalt(II) chloride In addition to the anhydrous hydrate, mono-, di-, tetra-, and hexahydrates are known. The anhydrous hydrate is obtained by heating fine cobalt powder in chlorine. It is a blue deliquescent solid. It dissolves easily in water to give a pale red solution, and in alcohol to give a dark blue solution. It hydrates in humid air and changes color from blue to pale red. This property is widely used as an indicator for desiccants such as silica gel. When crystallized from an aqueous solution at room temperature, an orange-red hexahydrate is obtained, at temperatures above 52°C a purple dihydrate is obtained, and at temperatures above 90°C a blue-purple monohydrate is obtained. The structure of the hexahydrate is completely different from that of the anhydrate, and should be written as trans-[CoCl 2 (H 2 O) 4 ].2H 2 O. When heated, it dehydrates, and becomes the anhydrate at 150°C in a vacuum. (2) Cobalt(III) chloride (CoCl3 ) has never been isolated in a pure form as a solid. Its composition in solution is also unknown. [Torii Yasuo] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
コバルトと塩素の化合物。酸化数ⅡおよびⅢのものが知られている。 (1)塩化コバルト(Ⅱ) 無水和物のほか、一、二、四、六水和物が知られている。コバルトの微細粉末を塩素中で加熱すると無水和物が得られる。青色の潮解性固体。容易に水に溶けて淡赤色の溶液を、またアルコールに溶けて濃青色の溶液を与える。湿った空気中でも水和して青色から淡赤色に変わる。この性質はシリカゲルなどの乾燥剤のインジケーターとして広く利用されている。水溶液から室温で結晶させると橙赤(とうせき)色の六水和物が、52℃以上では紫色の二水和物が、そして90℃以上では青紫色の一水和物が得られる。 六水和物は構造としては無水和物とはまったく異なり、trans-[CoCl2(H2O)4]・2H2Oと書くべきものである。加熱すれば脱水をおこし、真空中では150℃で無水和物となる。 (2)塩化コバルト(Ⅲ)CoCl3 固体としては純粋な形で取り出されていない。溶液中の組成も不明である。 [鳥居泰男] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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