chromatin

…The nucleus protects numerous chromosomes, which are bound by genomic DNA that is 100 to 1000 times larger than that of prokaryotic cells, and forms an environment that is favorable for the expression of genetic information. In the nucleoplasm, the chromatin that binds the chromosomal DNA is an important part that is particularly involved in the expression and regulation of genetic information. Unlike the nucleoid of prokaryotic cells, the chromatin has a basic structure in which the genetic DNA is wound around a bead-like structure called a nucleosome core, which is made up of eight protein molecules called histones, and chromatin threads that take highly folded structures such as supercoils are located there. In addition, the nucleoplasm usually contains one or several easily recognizable ball-shaped nucleoli that are rich in RNA, and the three types of RNA molecules (18S, 5.8S, and 28S rRNA) contained in the ribosomes of the cytoplasm are transcribed as linked precursor RNA here. …

*Some terminology explanations that mention "chromatin" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…核は，原核細胞に比べて100～1000倍も大きなゲノムDNAが結合する多数の染色体を保護し，遺伝情報の発現につごうのよい環境を形づくっている。核質のうち，染色体DNAを結合する染色質chromatinは，とくに遺伝情報発現とその調節を行っている重要な部分で，原核細胞の核様体とは違って，遺伝子DNAがヒストンというタンパク質8分子でつくる〈ヌクレオソームコアnucleosome core〉に巻きとられたビーズ状の構造を基本構造にして，スーパーコイルなどの高次な折りたたみ構造をとる染色糸がそこに位置している。また，核質には，RNAに富み，容易にそれとわかるボール状の核小体が通常1ないし数個分布しており，細胞質のリボソームに含まれる3種類のRNA分子(18S,5.8Sおよび28S rRNA)はつながった前駆体RNAとしてここで転写されている。…

※「chromatin」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報