...The aircraft they made, imitating birds, were what we now call hang gliders, with people hanging from them. They gradually improved them from 1962, and finally made them capable of gliding several hundred meters up a slope from a hill about 50 meters high. After O. Lilienthal died in a crash (1896), several successors continued to improve gliders. One of them, American railroad engineer Octave Chanute (1832-1910), built a biplane glider and succeeded in more than 1,000 glides, as well as publishing a book on flying machines. Among the many letters of inquiry sent to him was one from Wilbur, the elder brother of the Wright brothers. The Wright brothers, under Chanute's tutelage, conducted their own gliding experiments, and then succeeded in the first flight of an airplane on December 17, 1903. ... From [Airplane]…He conducted 2,000 experiments before dying in a stall accident, leaving behind valuable information on the aerodynamic characteristics of fixed-wing aircraft. Many researchers followed him and began experimenting with gliders, but the American Octave Chanute (1832-1910) came up with a biplane glider, a design not found in nature. A biplane is a type of glider in which the wing area of the main wing is divided into two pieces, one above the other, and has the advantage of being more compact than a monoplane, and had a great influence on subsequent airplane designers. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Chanute, O." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…彼らの鳥をまねて作った機体は,現在ハンググライダーと呼ばれる人がぶら下がる形式のもので,62年から徐々に改良を重ねていき,ついに高さ約50mの丘から斜面を利用して数百mは滑空できるものに仕上げた。O.リリエンタールの墜落死(1896)以後,何人かの後継者がグライダーの改良を続けたが,その中の一人であるアメリカの鉄道技師シャヌートOctave Chanute(1832‐1910)は,複葉のグライダーを製作し,1000回を超える滑空に成功したうえ,飛行機械についての本も出版した。多くの彼への問合せの手紙の中には,ライト兄弟の兄ウィルバーのものもあり,ライト兄弟はシャヌートを師とし,彼らなりにも滑空実験を行った後,1903年12月17日の飛行機による初飛行に成功したのである。… 【飛行機】より…失速事故で墜死するまでに2000回の実験を行い,固定翼の空力特性について,貴重な資料を残した。彼に続いて多くの研究家がグライダーの実験を始めたが,アメリカのシャヌートOctave Chanute(1832‐1910)は,自然界には見られない複葉翼のグライダーを考案した。複葉とは主翼の翼面積を2枚に分けて上下に配置する形式で,単葉翼に比べて全体がコンパクトにまとまる利点があり,その後の飛行機設計者に大きな影響を与えた。… ※「Chanute,O.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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