Zhang Jian (English spelling)

Japanese: 張謇 - ちょうけん（英語表記）Zhāng Jiǎn

1853‐1926
Chinese businessman and politician. Born in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. His courtesy name was Ji Zhi. As a Jinshi in 1894 and editor of the Hanlin Academy, he denounced Li Hongzhang's compromise policy in the First Sino-Japanese War. Later, he gave up his government career to promote business, and ran a spinning mill in Datong, as well as other businesses such as land reclamation, steamships, and ironworks. He became a representative figure of the upper echelons of Chinese capital and a leading figure in the Jiangnan business world. He was also active in cultural and educational endeavors, such as founding various schools, libraries, and museums, including normal schools, and was once chairman of the Central Education Association. Politically, he advocated a constitutional monarchy and led the constitutional movement in the late Qing Dynasty, becoming a central figure in the domestic constitutional faction and serving as chairman of the Jiangsu Advisory Bureau.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1853‐1926
中国の実業家，政治家。江蘇省南通の人。字は季直。光緒20年(1894)の進士，翰林院修撰として，日清戦争に対する李鴻章の妥協策を弾劾した。のち実業振興を志して，官途を断念し，大通に紡績工場を経営，その他，干拓，汽船，鉄工等の企業を経営し，民族資本上層部の代表的人物，江南実業界の大立者となる。師範学校等各種の学校，図書館，博物館の設立等，文化教育事業にも活躍し，中央教育会会長になったことがある。政治的には立憲君主制を主張し，清末の立憲運動を指導し，国内の立憲派の中心人物となり，江蘇諮議局議長となった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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