Supernatural spirits or fairies. Their existence is known among all Germanic tribes, but their image is not uniform. Elves as depicted by Shakespeare and the German poet Wieland are strongly associated with the image of wind spirits, but in Scandinavian folk beliefs they are the spirits of ancestors, and the Icelandic scholar Snorri Sturluson distinguishes between them and two kinds of fairies, those of light and those of darkness. Elves are small in size, but superior to humans in intelligence, cunning, and dexterity. They do not belong to the human world and live in forests, mountains, and the air, but unlike giants who pose a threat to humans, they often help people and are also mean. They have various appearances depending on their origin, but those who live in the light and air are beautiful and shining, while those who live underground are black and ugly. Also, those who live in mountains, under the thresholds of houses, and inside beams are said to be very small. [Yukio Taniguchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
超自然的な精霊、あるいは妖精(ようせい)。すべてのゲルマン種族の間にその存在を知られるが、イメージは一様でない。シェークスピアやドイツの詩人ビーランドが描くエルフは風の精のイメージが強いが、北欧の民間信仰では祖先の霊とされ、またアイスランドの学者スノッリ・スツルソンは、これを光と闇(やみ)の2種の妖精に区別している。 エルフは柄(がら)は小さいが、知力、狡猾(こうかつ)さ、器用さでは人間に勝る。人間界には属さずに森や山、空気中に住むが、人間に脅威を与える巨人と違ってしばしば人助けをし、また意地悪もする。そして起源に応じてさまざまな外観をとるが、光や空気中に住むものは美しく輝き、地中に住むものは黒くて醜い。また山や家の敷居の下、梁(はり)の中などに住むものは非常に小さいとされる。 [谷口幸男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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