The American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. is an abbreviation for the American broadcasting network company. It is a subsidiary of the major entertainment media company, Walt Disney Company, and is one of the major networks in the United States. It was established as a radio network in 1943, and began its television network business in 1948. It has 10 directly managed television stations and 230 affiliated stations. The radio network grew to become one of the best-performing radio networks in the mid-1970s, but was sold in 2007, leaving the broadcasting network business as just the television division. In the mid-1950s, television programs produced by Hollywood film studios such as Disney and Warner Brothers became hits, and the network business got on track. In 1977, the series "Roots," which directly addressed the issue of black slavery and depicted the life of a man, became an unprecedented hit in the American television industry, with a viewership rating of 51.1% and 130 million viewers, and it took the top spot in the ratings race for the first time since the launch of the television network. However, its popularity began to decline in the 1980s, and it was acquired by Capital Cities Communications in 1985, and then by Walt Disney in 1996. The headquarters of the company, which oversees its television network operations, is in New York City, but most of its television production takes place in Hollywood. [Mukogo Hideki] “E. BarnouwA History of Broadcasting in the United States (Vol.Ⅰ. 1966, Vol.Ⅲ. 1970, Oxford University Press)” ▽ “C. Sterling, J. KittrossStay Tuned; a History of American Broadcasting, 3rd ed. (2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers)” Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの放送ネットワーク会社The American Broadcasting Companies, Inc.の略称。大手娯楽メディア企業ウォルト・ディズニー・カンパニーの子会社で、アメリカの主要ネットワークの一つ。1943年ラジオネットワークとして設立され、1948年からテレビネットワーク事業を開始した。テレビ局は直営局10、加盟局230。ラジオネットワークは1970年代半ば、ラジオ業界屈指の業績をあげるまでに成長したが2007年に売却され、放送ネットワーク事業はテレビ部門だけになった。テレビ部門は、1950年半ばディズニー、ワーナー・ブラザースなどハリウッドの映画スタジオが制作したテレビ番組がヒットし、ネットワーク事業が軌道に乗った。1977年には、黒人奴隷問題を正面から取り上げ、その一生を描いたシリーズ番組『Roots(ルーツ)』が視聴率51.1%、視聴者数が1億3000万人という、アメリカテレビ業界空前のヒット作となり、テレビネットワーク開設後初めて視聴率競争で首位の座についた。しかし、1980年代に入ると勢いは衰え始め、1985年にキャピタル・シティズ・コミュニケーションに買収され、1996年にはさらにウォルト・ディズニーに買収され現在に至っている。テレビネットワーク事業を統括する本社はニューヨーク市にあるが、テレビ番組制作の大半はハリウッドで行っている。 [向後英紀] 『E. BarnouwA History of Broadcasting in the United States (Vol.Ⅰ. 1966, Vol.Ⅲ. 1970, Oxford University Press)』▽『C. Sterling, J. KittrossStay Tuned ; a History of American Broadcasting, 3rd ed. (2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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