A synthetic resin made of acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B) and styrene (S), it has excellent properties that combine the heat resistance, rigidity, oil resistance and weather resistance of polyacrylonitrile with the impact resistance of polybutadiene and the gloss, electrical properties and processability of polystyrene. It is not a simple mixture of these three components, but is copolymerized in various forms. There are two types of polymerization: blend type and graft type. The former is a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile copolymer and acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR), and the physical properties change depending on the composition and mixing ratio of the copolymer. The latter is a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polybutadiene, and a part of this copolymer is graft polymerized to polybutadiene (a reaction in which a branch of any polymer is attached to a linear polymer trunk), which gives it impact resistance. Its strength is used in helmets, various machines, building materials, automobile parts such as bumpers, synthetic wood, etc. [Hiroshi Kakiuchi] "Copolymerization 3: Engineering Analysis" edited by the Society of Polymer Science (1987, Baifukan)" ▽ "Helmet Molding Technology Reader Editorial Committee edited "Helmet Molding Technology Reader" (1989, Sigma Publishing)" ▽ "New Polymer Manufacturing Process" edited by Koji Saeki and Shinzo Omi (1994, Industrial Research Institute)" ▽ "Notes on the Use of Plastics" edited by Masaru Ihonai, Hidesaburo Oi et al., 3rd edition (1998, Industrial Research Institute)" [References] | | | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アクリロニトリル(A)、ブタジエン(B)とスチレン(S)よりなる合成樹脂で、ポリアクリロニトリルの耐熱性、剛直性、耐油性、耐候性と、ポリブタジエンの耐衝撃性、ポリスチレンの光沢のよさ、電気特性、加工性とを兼ね備えた優れた性質をもっている。この3成分の単なる混合物ではなく、いろいろな形式で共重合させたものである。重合の形式にはブレンド型とグラフト型とがあり、前者はスチレンとアクリロニトリルの共重合体とアクリロニトリル・ブタジエン共重合体ゴム(NBR)を混合したもので、その共重合体の組成や混合割合によってその物性を変化させている。後者はポリブタジエンの存在下でスチレンとアクリロニトリルとを共重合させたもので、この共重合体の一部がポリブタジエンにグラフト重合(幹となる線状高分子に任意の高分子の枝をつける反応)するために耐衝撃性を示すようになる。用途としては、その強度を買われて、ヘルメット、各種機械、建築材料、バンパーなどの自動車部品、合成木材などに用いられる。 [垣内 弘] 『高分子学会編『共重合3 工学解析』(1987・培風館)』▽『ヘルメット成形技術読本編集委員会編著『ヘルメット成形技術読本』(1989・シグマ出版)』▽『佐伯康治・尾見信三編著『新ポリマー製造プロセス』(1994・工業調査会)』▽『伊保内賢編、大井秀三郎ほか著『プラスチック活用ノート』3訂版(1998・工業調査会)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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