A type of synthetic detergent. Its main ingredient is sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS for short). It is produced by sulfonating dodecylbenzene, which is obtained from propylene tetramer and benzene. It has been the mainstream synthetic detergent since the 1960s because it is stable in hard water and acid, and has great surface activity and cleaning power. However, because the side chain alkyl group has a branched structure, it is not biodegradable in wastewater and remains there, killing soil bacteria and causing detergent pollution such as making sewage treatment difficult. For this reason, biodegradable soft ABS detergents have been widely used since 1965 to replace these hard ABS detergents. (Figure) → Related topics Anionic surfactants | LAS detergents | Sulfonic acids | Neutral detergents Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
合成洗剤の一つ。アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム(略称ABS)が主成分。プロピレン4量体とベンゼンから得られるドデシルベンゼンをスルホン化して製造。硬水や酸に対しても安定で,界面活性能力・洗浄力が大きいため1960年代から合成洗剤の主流になった。しかし,側鎖アルキル基が分枝構造であるため廃水中で生分解されず残留し,土壌菌を殺したり,下水処理困難など洗剤公害の原因となった。そのためこれらハードABS洗剤にかわり,1965年以降生分解性のソフトABS洗剤が広く用いられるようになった。(図) →関連項目陰イオン界面活性剤|LAS洗剤|スルホン酸|中性洗剤 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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