In an ecosystem, various substances are exchanged between its constituent elements, and energy is converted and transferred along with this. The former is called the material cycle, while the latter is called the energy flow. A supply of energy is essential for all life activities, and the ultimate source of this energy is the nuclear fusion reaction of the sun, which is sent to the earth's surface as light energy. The only organisms that can directly utilize light energy for their daily lives are green plants that have the ability to photosynthesize and some bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
生態系においては,その構成各要素間にさまざまな物質の受渡しがあり,それに伴ってエネルギーの変換,移動がある。前者を物質循環と呼ぶのに対し,後者をエネルギーの流れと呼ぶ。すべての生命活動にはエネルギーの供給が不可欠であるが,このエネルギーの究極的な供給源は太陽の核融合反応であり,光エネルギーとして地表に送られてくる。光エネルギーを直接生活に利用できるのは光合成能をもつ緑色植物と一部の細菌(光合成細菌)だけである。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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