Barnard, C.

Japanese: Barnard,C.(英語表記)BarnardC
Barnard, C.


[Surgery today and the future]
In this way, surgeries that were previously unthinkable became possible, and with the mortality rate falling and the expected effectiveness of surgery, there was a growing trend to go beyond simply removing the diseased area and to replace old, diseased organs with new organs. This is called organ transplantation, and the world's first (human-to-human) allogeneic heart transplant, performed by Bernard C. Barnard of South Africa in 1967, left a strong impression, but this was not the first organ transplant; kidney transplants had already been reported in 1902. When transplanting organs, it was difficult to keep the transplanted organ alive for a long period of time.

From [Heart Transplant]

…In the 1940s, Peter Brian Medawar (1915-1987) and others from the UK made great contributions to elucidating the various phenomena associated with organ transplants, especially the mechanism of rejection, and as interest in organ transplants increased, many researchers became passionate about the possibility of heart transplants. In particular, the basic research of Norman Edward Shumway (1923- ) and others from the US contributed greatly, establishing a transplant technique known as the Shumway method in 1958, and in 1967, Christian Neethling Barnard (1922- ) of South Africa performed the first human-to-human heart transplant. Since then, by 1984, Shumway had performed more than 300 heart transplants, and it is believed that other facilities around the world have performed roughly the same number of transplants. …

From [Cardiac Surgery]

...For acquired heart disease, all valvular diseases are treated with plastic surgery or artificial valve replacement, and revascularization is performed for coronary artery stenosis and myocardial infarction, and many people have regained their health. And for heart diseases that cannot be repaired, since Bernard C. Barnard of South Africa attempted allogeneic heart transplantation in 1967, tens of thousands of transplants have been performed around the world to date, making it possible for people to enjoy life with a new heart. [Tsuguo Hasegawa]...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Barnard, C." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


【今日の外科と将来】
 このように以前には考えられもしなかったような手術も可能となり,しかも死亡率も低下して手術効果が期待できるようになると,ただ病巣を取り去るということだけにとどまらず,新しい臓器で古い廃疾臓器を補塡(ほてん)しようとする気運が生まれた。これが臓器移植とよばれるもので,1967年南アフリカ共和国のバーナードC.Barnardが行った世界最初の(ヒトからヒトへの)同種心臓移植が強烈な印象を残しているが,臓器移植としてはこれが最初のものではなく,すでに1902年に腎臓移植の報告がなされている。臓器を移植した場合,移植した臓器を長期間生着させることがなかなかできなかった。…

【心臓移植】より

…40年代になって臓器移植に伴う諸現象,とくに拒絶反応の機序の解明にイギリスのメダウォーPeter Brian Medawar(1915‐87)らが大きな功績を残し,臓器移植熱が高まるにしたがって,心臓移植の可能性について多くの研究者が情熱を傾けるようになった。とくにアメリカのシャムウェーNorman Edward Shumway(1923‐ )らの基礎的研究の寄与するところが大きく,58年シャムウェー法といわれる移植手技が確立され,67年南アフリカ共和国のバーナードChristian Neethling Barnard(1922‐ )が人から人へ初めて心臓移植を行った。以後84年までにシャムウェーは300例以上の心臓移植を行い,全世界では他の施設でもこれとほぼ同数の移植が行われていると思われる。…

【心臓外科】より

…後天性心疾患では,すべての弁膜症に形成手術あるいは人工弁置換術が,冠状動脈狭窄,心筋梗塞(こうそく)にも血行再建術が行われ,多くの人々が健康をとり戻している。そして,どうしても修復できない心臓疾患には,1967年南アフリカ共和国のバーナードC.Barnardによって同種心臓移植が試みられて以来,全世界で今日まで数万例の移植が行われ,新しい心臓で生活を楽しむことが可能となっている。【長谷川 嗣夫】。…

※「Barnard,C.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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