…The form of the group varies according to the purpose, but the historical origins can be broadly categorized into (1) those descended from the Boy Scouts, (2) those descended from the Pioneers, and (3) those descended from the Junior Red Cross. There were also youth groups directly integrated by state power, such as the Hitler Youth in Nazi Germany and Ballila in Fascist Italy. In Japan, the Boy Scouts were introduced as the Boys' Volunteer Corps at the end of the Meiji era, and youth groups such as the Tokyo Boys' Corps (1913) led by Hiroshi Koshiba were formed in various places. In 1923, the Japan Federation of Boys' Corps was formed and joined the Boys' Scouts World Association. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Ballila" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…団体の目的によって形態は多種多様であるが,歴史的源流は,(1)ボーイ・スカウトの流れをくむもの,(2)ピオネールの流れをくむもの,(3)青少年赤十字の流れをくむもの,に大別できる。そのほかナチス・ドイツにおけるヒトラー・ユーゲントやファシズム・イタリアのバリラBallilaのように国家権力が直接統合した少年団も生まれた。 日本では明治末年少年義勇団としてボーイ・スカウトが紹介され,小柴博による東京少年団(1913)などの少年団が各地につくられ,1923年〈少年団日本連盟〉を結成し,ボーイ・スカウト世界連盟に加盟した。… ※「Ballila」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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