Gwangju Student Movement

An anti-Japanese student movement that unfolded across Korea for several months starting in November 1929. In the southern Korean city of Gwangju, a Japanese middle school student insulted a Korean female student, which led to clashes between Korean and Japanese students, escalating into anti-Japanese demonstrations by Korean students. With the guidance of socialist student underground circles, slogans such as "Oppose colonial slave education" and "Down with Japanese imperialism" were chanted, and student demonstrations and school closures spread across the country. The Japanese severely suppressed this, arresting and expelling many students, and banning a people's rally planned by the ethnic group Shinkankai, arresting its leaders. Despite the suppression, by March of the following year, approximately 60,000 students from 194 schools across the country had participated, making it the largest anti-Japanese demonstration since the March 1st Independence Movement.

[Naoki Mizuno]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1929年11月から数か月にわたって朝鮮各地で展開された抗日学生運動。朝鮮南部の都市光州で日本人中学生が朝鮮人女学生を侮辱したことから、朝鮮人学生と日本人学生が衝突、朝鮮人学生による反日デモに発展した。社会主義的な学生地下サークルの指導もあり、「植民地奴隷教育反対」「日本帝国主義打倒」が叫ばれ、学生デモ、同盟休校が各地に波及した。日本側はこれを厳しく弾圧、多数の学生を逮捕・退学処分にし、民族団体新幹会が計画した民衆大会も禁じ、同会幹部を検挙した。弾圧にもかかわらず翌30年3月までに全国で194校、約6万人の学生が参加、三・一独立運動以来最大の反日示威運動となった。

［水野直樹］

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