al-'āmmiya (English spelling) alammiya

…Although some popular literature reflects everyday spoken language, Classical Arabic has not undergone any major changes beyond the expansion of vocabulary through borrowings into modern times. On the other hand, in countries outside the Arabian Peninsula, the difference with the spoken language was large, and it went into decline, leading to a revival movement in the 19th century. In other words, the spread of Classical Arabic has been promoted through school education and public reporting, and in modern times it is considered the "pure language" (fuṣḥā) that should be learned as the common language of the Arab world. It is also used as a spoken language in official situations, and it overlaps with the "popular language" ('āmmīya), which is the mother tongue of each person with its own dialectal differences, causing a phenomenon of bilingualism. Regionally, it is broadly divided into the Arabian Peninsula dialect, Iraqi dialect, Syrian-Palestinian dialect, Egyptian dialect, and Maghreb (Western) dialect. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "al-'āmmīya" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…一部の民衆文学には日常の口語の反映も見られるものの，古典アラビア語は，借用による語彙の拡大以外には大きな変化が認められないまま近代に至るが，他方アラビア半島以外の諸国では口語との差も大きく，衰退の道をたどったため19世紀には復興運動が起こった。すなわち，学校教育や公共の報道等を通して古典アラビア語の普及が進められ，現代ではアラブ世界の共通語として習得されるべき〈純正語〉(フスハーal‐fuṣḥā)とされ，公式の場面では話し言葉としても用いられ，方言差をもった各人の母語たる〈民衆語〉(アーンミーヤal‐‘āmmīya)の上にかぶさって，二言語併用現象を起こしている。地域的に，アラビア半島方言，イラク方言，シリア･パレスティナ方言，エジプト方言，マグリブ(西方)方言に大別される。…

※「al-‘āmmīya」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報