A general term for an optical element consisting of two parallel mirrors or semi-transparent mirrors with optical planes arranged at a certain distance. Two mirrors arranged in such a way that the wavefront of light from one direction is divided into two was first created by A. A. Michelson in combination with a Michelson interferometer and used to measure the metre prototype. Later, aiming to determine the light wave standard with high precision, C. Fabry and A. Perot used a structure with two parallel semi-transparent mirrors facing each other. This differs from Michelson's etalon in that the light wave amplitude is divided into many parts between the semi-transparent surfaces. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
光学的平面をもつ反射鏡,あるいは半透鏡2枚を,ある間隔で平行配置した光学素子の総称。2枚の反射鏡を1方向からの光の波面が2分割される形に配置したものが,最初A.A.マイケルソンによってマイケルソン干渉計と組み合わせてつくられ,メートル原器の測定に用いられた。その後光波基準の高精度決定を目ざし,C.ファブリやA.ペローによって使われたのが,半透鏡2枚を平行に対向させた構造のものである。これはマイケルソンのエタロンとは異なり,光波振幅を半透面間で多分割する形となっている。
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