...In political poetry, poets were produced who supported Islam, as well as the Umayyad, Shi'ite, and Kharijites. Among the most important of these were Akhtar al-Akhṭal (c. 640-710), Farazdaq al-Farazdaq (c. 640-732), and Jarir (?-733). All three were involved in political struggles under the protection of the Umayyads, using the tribal methods of Jahiliya. From [Court Literature]… In the Arabian Peninsula, before the Islamic era, poets belonged to each tribe and composed poems praising the valor and glory of their tribes. Poetry was in a slump during the time of the Prophet Muhammad, but poets were active at the court of the Umayyad Dynasty (661-750) in Damascus, where love and lyric poetry emerged in addition to the tribal tradition of odes. The Christian Akhtar al-Akhṭal (c. 640-710), who was protected by the caliph Abd al-Malik, was the most representative court poet. The influence of Persian culture was prominent at the court of the Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258) in Baghdad, where court poets played an important role. The central figure was the court poet Abu Nuwas, who served the caliph Harun al-Rashid. … *Some of the glossaries that mention "al-Akhṭal" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…政治詩ではイスラムはもとより,そのなかでもウマイヤ朝,シーア派,ハワーリジュ派などをそれぞれ支持する詩人が輩出した。これらのなかで重要なのはアフタルal‐Akhṭal(640ころ‐710),ファラズダクal‐Farazdaq(640ころ‐732ころ),およびジャリールJarīr(?‐733ころ)である。3人ともウマイヤ家の保護のもとにジャーヒリーヤの部族主義的な手法を用いて政争にかかわった。… 【宮廷文学】より… アラビア半島においてはイスラム期前に詩人は各部族に属し,部族の武勇や栄誉をたたえる詩を作った。預言者ムハンマドの時代には詩は不振であったが,ダマスクスに都したウマイヤ朝(661‐750)の宮廷においては詩人が活躍し,部族的な頌詩の伝統のほかに,恋愛・抒情詩が台頭し,とくにカリフ,アブド・アルマリクに保護されたキリスト教徒のアフタルal‐Akhṭal(640ころ‐710)は最も代表的な宮廷詩人であった。 バグダードに都したアッバース朝(750‐1258)の宮廷においてはペルシア文化の影響が著しく,宮廷詩人が重要な位置を占め,中心的な人物はカリフ,ハールーン・アッラシードに仕えた宮廷詩人アブー・ヌワースであった。… ※「al-Akhṭal」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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